2019, Volume 5, Issue 5
Engineering >> 2019, Volume 5, Issue 5 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.021
Engineering a High-Selectivity PVDF Hollow-Fiber Membrane for Cesium Removal
a Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
b Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
c State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
d State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
e Xi'an High-Tech Institute, Xi'an 710025, China
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Abstract
In this study, a copper ferrocyanide/silica/polyvinylidene fluoride (CuFC/SiO2/PVDF) hollow-fiber composite membrane was successfully synthesized through a facile and effective crosslinking strategy. The PVDF hollow-fiber membrane with embedded SiO2 was used to fix the dispersion of CuFC nanoparticles for cesium (Cs) removal. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the composite membrane were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The composite membrane showed a high Cs rejection rate and membrane flux at the three layers of CuFC and 0.5% SiO2, and its Cs rejection rate was not affected by variation in the pH (pH = 4–10). The modified membrane could be effectively regenerated many times using ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3). The Cs selectivity performance was verified by an efficient Cs rejection rate (76.25% and 88.67% in 8 h) in a solution of 100 μg·L–1 of Cs with 1 mmol·L–1 of competing cations (K+ and Na+). The CuFC/SiO2/PVDF hollowfiber composite membrane showed a particularly superior removal performance (greater than 90%) in natural surface water and simulated water with a low Cs concentration. Therefore, the CuFC/SiO2/PVDF hollow-fiber composite membrane can be used directly in engineering applications for the remediation of radioactive Cs-contaminated water.
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