2020, Volume 6, Issue 11
Engineering >> 2020, Volume 6, Issue 11 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.01.014
An Innovative Non-Pillar Coal-Mining Technology with Automatically Formed Entry: A Case Study
a State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
b School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
c Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
d Institute of Mining Research, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China
Next Previous
Abstract
A non-pillar coal-mining technology with an automatically formed entry is proposed, which reduces the waste of coal resources and the underground entry drivage workload. Three key techniques in this technology cooperate to achieve automatic formation and retaining of the gob-side entry, and to realize non-pillar mining. Constant-resistance large deformation (CRLD) support ensures the stability of the entry roof; directional presplitting blasting (DPB) separates the entry roof and the gob roof; and a blocking-gangue support system (BGSS) integrates the caved rock material as an effective entry rib. An industrial test was conducted to verify the engineering effects of these key techniques. The field application results showed that the retained entry was under the pressure-relief zone due to the broken-expansion nature of the caved rock mass within the DPB height. After going through a provisional dynamic pressure-bearing zone, the retained entry entered the stability zone. The final stable entry meets the requirements of safety and production. The research results demonstrate the good engineering applicability of this technology. By taking the framework of the technology design principles into consideration and adjusting the measures according to different site conditions, it is expected that the proposed non-pillar coal-mining technology can be popularized on a large scale.
Keywords
Non-pillar mining ; Entry support ; Retained entry ; Rock engineering ; Industrial test
Figures
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
References
[ 1 ] Dudley B. BP energy outlook: 2018 edition. Report. London: BP p.l.c.; 2018.
[ 2 ] Yuan J. The future of coal in China. Resour Conserv Recycling 2018;129:290–2. link1
[ 3 ] Kimura S, Phoumin H. Energy outlook and energy saving potential in East Asia 2019. Jakarta Pusat: Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia; 2019. link1
[ 4 ] Zaman R, Hofer C, Brudermann T. One step ahead, two steps backwards: energy transitions and coal in developing countries. In: Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference and Utility Exhibition on Green Energy for Sustainable Development (ICUE); 2018 Oct 24–26; Phuket, Thailand. New York: IEEE; 2019. link1
[ 5 ] Wang J. Development and prospect on fully mechanized mining in Chinese coal mines. Int J Coal Sci Technol 2014;1(3):253–60. link1
[ 6 ] Peng S, Chiang H. Longwall mining. Hoboken: Wiley; 1984. link1
[ 7 ] Wang H, Jiang Y, Zhao Y, Zhu J, Liu S. Numerical investigation of the dynamic mechanical state of a coal pillar during longwall mining panel extraction. Rock Mech Rock Eng 2013;46(5):1211–21. link1
[ 8 ] Gao Y, Wang Y, Yang J, Zhang X, He M. Meso- and macroeffects of roof split blasting on the stability of gateroad surroundings in an innovative nonpillar mining method. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 2019;90:99–118. link1
[ 9 ] Ranjith P, Zhao J, Ju M, De Silva R, Rathnaweera T, Bandara A. Opportunities and challenges in deep mining: a brief review. Engineering 2017;3(4):546–51. link1
[10] Jiang L, Zhang P, Chen L, Hao Z, Sainoki A, Mitri H, et al. Numerical approach for goaf-side entry layout and yield pillar design in fractured ground conditions. Rock Mech Rock Eng 2017;50(11):3049–71. link1
[11] Li W, Bai J, Peng S, Wang X, Xu Y. Numerical modeling for yield pillar design: a case study. Rock Mech Rock Eng 2015;48(1):305–18. link1
[12] Mark C. State-of-the-art in coal pillar design. Trans-Soc Mining Metal Explor Incorporated 2000;308:123–8. link1
[13] Chase FE, Mark C, Heasley KA. Deep cover pillar extraction in the U.S. coalfields. In: Peng SS, Mark C, Khair AW, Heasley KA, editors. Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Ground Control in Mining. 2002 Aug 6–8; Morgantown, WV, USA. Morgantown: West Virginia University; 2002. p. 68–80. link1
[14] Campoli AA, Barton TM, Van Dyke FC, Gauna M. Mitigating destructive longwall bumps through conventional gate entry design. Report. Pittsburgh: US Department of Interior, Bureau of Mines; 1990. Report No.: RI 9325. link1
[15] Iannacchione A. Behavior of a coal pillar prone to burst in the southern Appalachian Basin of the United States. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Rockbursts and Seismicity in Mines Minneapolis; 1988 Jun 8–10; Minneapolis, MN, USA. Minneapolis: Univerisity of Minnesota; 1990. p. 295–300. link1
[16] Ghasemi E, Shahriar K, Sharifzadeh M, Hashemolhosseini H. Quantifying the uncertainty of pillar safety factor by Monte Carlo simulation—a case study. Arch Min Sci 2010;55(3):623–35. link1
[17] Lin B, Yan F, Zhu C, Zhou Y, Zou Q, Guo C, et al. Cross-borehole hydraulic slotting technique for preventing and controlling coal and gas outbursts during coal roadway excavation. J Nat Gas Sci Eng 2015;26:518–25. link1
[18] Frank H, Ting R, Naj A. Evolution and application of in-seam drilling for gas drainage. Int J Min Sci Technol 2013;23(4):543–53. link1
[19] Zhu G, Dou L, Cai W, Li Z, Zhang M, Kong Y, et al. Case study of passive seismic velocity tomography in rock burst hazard assessment during underground coal entry excavation. Rock Mech Rock Eng 2016;49(12):4945–55. link1
[20] Wang Y, He M, Yang J, Wang Q, Liu J, Tian X, et al. Case study on pressure-relief mining technology without advance tunneling and coal pillars in longwall mining. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 2020;97:103236. link1
[21] Guo Z, Wang J, Cao T, Chen L, Wang J. Research on key parameters of gobside entry retaining automatically formed by roof cutting and pressure release in thin coal seam mining. J China Univ Min Technol 2016;45 (5):879–85. Chinese. link1
[22] He M, Ma X, Niu F, Wang J, Liu Y. Adaptability research and application of rapid gob-side entry retaining formed by roof cutting and pressure releasing with composite roof and medium thick coal seam. Chin J Rock Mech Eng 2018;37 (12):1–14. Chinese. link1
[23] He M, Gao Y, Yang J, Wang J, Wang Y, Zhu Z. Engineering experimentation of gob-side entry retaining formed by roof cutting and pressure release in a thick-seam fast-extracted mining face. Rock Soil Mech 2018;39(1):254–64. link1
[24] He M, Ma Z, Guo Z, Chen S. Key parameters of the gob-side entry retaining formed by roof cutting and pressure release in deep medium-thickness coal seams. J China Univ Min Technol 2018;47(3):468–77. Chinese. link1
[25] He M, Gong W, Wang J, Qi P, Tao Z, Du S, et al. Development of a novel energyabsorbing bolt with extraordinarily large elongation and constant resistance. Int J Rock Mech Min 2014;67:29–42. link1
[26] He M, inventor； He M, assignee. Constant-resistance large-deformation anchor rod. United States patent US 008974151. 2015 Mar 10.
[27] Yang J, He M, Cao C. Design principles and key technologies of gob side entry retaining by roof pre-fracturing. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 2019;90:309–18. link1
[28] He M, Li C, Gong W, Sousa LR, Li S. Dynamic tests for a constant-resistance– large–deformation bolt using a modified SHTB system. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 2017;64:103–16. link1
[29] He M, Zhang X, Zhao S. Directional destress with tension blasting in coal mines. Procedia Eng 2017;191:89–97. link1
[30] He M, inventor; Wang X, assignee. A bilateral cumulative tensile explosion tube. Chinese patent CN 101140152A. 2006 Sep 6. Chinese.
[31] Zhang X, Hu J, Xue H, Mao W, Gao Y, Yang J, et al. Innovative approach based on roof cutting by energy-gathering blasting for protecting roadways in coal mines. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 2020;99:103387. link1
[32] Li Z, Dou L, Cai W, Wang G, Ding Y, Kong Y. Mechanical analysis of static stress within fault-pillars based on a voussoir beam structure. Rock Mech Rock Eng 2016;49(3):1097–105. link1
[33] Zhang X, Pak RYS, Gao Y, Liu C, Zhang C, Yang J, et al. Field experiment on directional roof presplitting for pressure relief of retained roadways. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 2020;134(3):104436. link1
[34] Zhang N, Chen H, Chen Y. An engineering case of gob-side entry retaining in one kilometer-depth soft rock roadway with high ground pressure. J China Coal Soc 2015;40(3):494–501. Chinese. link1
[35] Tang J, Deng Y, Tu X, Hu H. Analysis of roof separation in gob-side entry retaining combined support with bolting wire mesh. J China Coal Soc 2010;35:1827–31. Chinese. link1
[36] Zheng X, Zhang N, Yuan L, Xue F. Method and application of simultaneous pillar-less coal mining and gas extraction by staged gob-side entry retaining. J China Univ Min Technol 2012;41(3):390–6. Chinese. link1
[37] Xue J, Han C. Strata behavior and control countermeasures for the gob-side entry retaining in the condition of large mining height. J Min Saf Eng 2012;29:466–73. Chinese. link1
[38] Cao S, Zou D, Bai Y, Wen D, Yang Y, He P. Study on upward mining of sublevels for gob-side entry retaining in three-soft thin coal seam group. J Min Saf Eng 2012;29:322–7. Chinese. link1
[39] Cheng Y, Jiang F, Lin J, Chen Q, Zhang D, Feng F. Experimental study on gob-side entry retaining by roadside flexible packing under hard roof. J Min Saf Eng 2012;29:757–61. Chinese. link1
[40] Ning J, Ma P, Liu X, Zhao J, Liu W. Supporting mechanism of ‘‘yieldingsupporting” beside roadway maintained along the goaf under hard rocks. J Min Saf Eng 2013;30:369–74. Chinese. link1
[41] Han C, Zhang N, Xue J, Kan J, Zhao Y. Multiple and long-term disturbance of gob-side entry retaining by grouped roof collapse and an innovative adaptive technology. Rock Mech Rock Eng 2019;52(8):2761–73. link1
[42] Tan Y, Yu F, Ning J, Zhao T. Design and construction of entry retaining wall along a gob side under hard roof stratum. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 2015;77:115–21. link1
[43] Zhang N, Yuan L, Han C, Xue J, Kan J. Stability and deformation of surrounding rock in pillarless gob-side entry retaining. Saf Sci 2012;50(4):593–9. link1
[44] Yang H, Cao S, Wang S, Fan Y, Wang S, Chen X. Adaptation assessment of gobside entry retaining based on geological factors. Eng Geol 2016;209:143–51. link1
[45] He M, Xie H, Peng S, Jiang Y. Study on rock mechanics in deep mining engineering. Chin J Rock Mech Eng 2005;24(16):2803–13. Chinese^p link1
京公网安备 11010502051620号
