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Engineering >> 2020, Volume 6, Issue 11 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.02.015

Challenges and Solutions for the Additive Manufacturing of Biodegradable Magnesium Implants

a National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming & State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
b Shanghai Innovation Institute for Materials, Shanghai 200444, China
c National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopedic Biomaterials, Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China

# These authors contributed equally to this work.

Received: 2019-07-11 Revised: 2019-12-19 Accepted: 2020-02-20 Available online: 2020-08-25

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Abstract

Due to their capability of fabricating geometrically complex structures, additive manufacturing (AM) techniques have provided unprecedented opportunities to produce biodegradable metallic implants— especially using Mg alloys, which exhibit appropriate mechanical properties and outstanding biocompatibility. However, many challenges hinder the fabrication of AM-processed biodegradable Mg-based implants, such as the difficulty of Mg powder preparation, powder splash, and crack formation during the AM process. In the present work, the challenges of AM-processed Mg components are analyzed and solutions to these challenges are proposed. A novel Mg-based alloy Mg–Nd–Zn–Zr alloy (JDBM) powder with a smooth surface and good roundness was first synthesized successfully, and the AM parameters for Mg-based alloys were optimized. Based on the optimized parameters, porous JDBM scaffolds with three different architectures (biomimetic, diamond, and gyroid) were then fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM), and their mechanical properties and degradation behavior were evaluated. Finally, the gyroid scaffolds with the best performance were selected for dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) coating treatment, which greatly suppressed the degradation rate and increased the cytocompatibility, indicating a promising prospect for clinical application as bone tissue engineering scaffolds.

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