Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering
>> 2016,
Volume 17,
Issue 4
doi:
10.1631/FITEE.1500272
Ahigh precision visual localization sensor and its workingmethodology for an indoor mobile robot Project supported by the National High-Tech R&D Program (863) of China (No. 2009AA04Z220), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61375084), and the Key Program of Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China (No. ZR2015QZ08)
1. School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China.2. School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
Available online: 2016-04-20
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Abstract
To overcome the shortcomings of existing robot localization sensors, such as low accuracy and poor robustness, a high precision visual localization system based on infrared-reflective artificial markers is designed and illustrated in detail in this paper. First, the hardware system of the localization sensor is developed. Secondly, we design a novel kind of infrared-reflective artificial marker whose characteristics can be extracted by the acquisition and processing of the infrared image. In addition, a confidence calculation method for marker identification is proposed to obtain the probabilistic localization results. Finally, the autonomous localization of the robot is achieved by calculating the relative pose relation between the robot and the artificial marker based on the perspective-3-point (P3P) visual localization algorithm. Numerous experiments and practical applications show that the designed localization sensor system is immune to the interferences of the illumination and observation angle changes. The precision of the sensor is ±1.94 cm for position localization and ±1.64? for angle localization. Therefore, it satisfies perfectly the requirements of localization precision for an indoor mobile robot.
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