Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering
>> 2021,
Volume 22,
Issue 6
doi:
10.1631/FITEE.2000497
A general altitude-dependent path loss model for UAV-to-ground millimeter-wave communications
Affiliation(s): The Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electromagnetic Spectrum Space, College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China; State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi’an 710000, China; The Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electromagnetic Spectrum Space, College of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China; less
Received: 2020-09-25
Accepted: 2021-07-12
Available online: 2021-07-12
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Abstract
A general empirical (PL) model for air-to-ground (A2G) millimeter-wave (mmWave) channels is proposed in this paper. Different from existing PL models, the new model takes the height factor of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into account, and divides the propagation conditions into three cases (i.e., line-of-sight, reflection, and diffraction). A map-based deterministic PL prediction algorithm based on the (RT) technique is developed, and is used to generate numerous PL data for different cases. By fitting and analyzing the PL data under different scenarios and UAV heights, model parameters are provided. Simulation results show that the proposed model can be effectively used to predict PL values for both low- and high-altitude cases. The prediction results of the proposed model better match the RT-based calculation results than those of the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) model and the close-in model. The standard deviation of the PL is also much smaller. Moreover, the new model is flexible and can be extended to other A2G scenarios (not included in this paper) by adjusting the parameters according to the simulation or measurement data.
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