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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1483-6
Techno-economic characteristics of wastewater treatment plants retrofitted from the conventional activated sludge process to the membrane bioreactor process
Abstract
While a growing number of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are being retrofitted from the conventional activated sludge (CAS) process to the membrane bioreactor (MBR) process, the debate on the techno-economy of MBR vs. CAS has continued and calls for a thorough assessment based on techno-economic valuation.
Keywords
Membrane bioreactor (MBR) ; Conventional activated sludge (CAS) ; Cost-benefit analysis ; Data envelopment analysis ; Net profit
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