The Qinba Mountains are located in Central China. It is the geographic boundary between the north and the south of China, the watershed between the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, as well as the central reservoir, ecological green lungs, and biological gene bank of China. It is the birthplace of the Chinese nation and the cradle of Chinese civilization. From 2016 to 2017, the Chinese Academy of Engineering carried out a major strategic consulting project titled “Research on the Green & Circular Development Strategy of the Qinba Mountain Area (Phase I)” and obtained a series of research results. From 2018 to 2019, the Chinese Academy of Engineering continued to work on a subsequent major strategic consulting project entitled “Research on the Green & Circular Development Strategy of the Qinba Mountain Area (Phase II)”. This research followed the concept that “green mountains and clear rivers are precious treasures” to the letter and promoted environmental protection and green development. During the project, relevant academicians and experts were invited to continuously study the strategic issues of green and circular development in the Qinba Mountains Area. This special issue covers the evaluation and protection of the regional ecological value of the Qinba Mountain Area, the construction of the national central park system, the development of the Qinba green industry system, the construction of a green and intelligent urban-rural system, and the coordinated development of urban agglomeration around the Qinba Mountain Area. It aims to provide relevant information and references for the scientific decision-making by governments and research on the development of the Qinba Mountain Area by other researchers. (The cover picture shows the Du River around Longwanggou Village, Pankou Township, Zhushan County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province. The river is very clear, with green banks lining the side and lush green mountains forming the background.)