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Assessing compressive strengths of mortar and concrete from digital images by machine learning techniques

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering   Pages 347-358 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0819-z

Abstract: Compressive strength is the most important metric of concrete quality. Various nondestructive and semi-destructive tests can be used to evaluate the compressive strength of concrete. In the present study, a new image-based machine learning method is used to predict concrete compressive strength, including evaluation of six different models. These include support-vector machine model and various deep convolutional neural network models, namely AlexNet, GoogleNet, VGG19, ResNet, and Inception-ResNet-V2. In the present investigation, cement mortar samples were prepared using each of the cement:sand ratios of 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5, and using the water:cement ratios of 0.35 and 0.55. Cement concrete was prepared using the cement:sand:coarse aggregate ratios of 1:5:10, 1:3:6, 1:2:4, 1:1.5:3 and 1:1:2, using the water:cement ratio of 0.5 for all samples. The samples were cut, and several images of the cut surfaces were captured at various zoom levels using a digital microscope. All samples were then tested destructively for compressive strength. The images and corresponding compressive strength were then used to train machine learning models to allow them to predict compressive strength based upon the image data. The Inception-ResNet-V2 models exhibited the best predictions of compressive strength among the models tested. Overall, the present findings validated the use of machine learning models as an efficient means of estimating cement mortar and concrete compressive strengths based on digital microscopic images, as an alternative nondestructive/semi-destructive test method that could be applied at relatively less expense.

Keywords： support vector machine     deep convolutional neural network     microscope     digital image     curing period    

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Multiscale model of micro curing residual stress evolution in carbon fiber-reinforced thermoset polymer

Xinyu HUI, Yingjie XU, Weihong ZHANG

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2020, Volume 15, Issue 3,   Pages 475-483 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0590-6

Abstract: In this study, the micro curing residual stresses of carbon fiber-reinforced thermoset polymer (CFRP)By introducing the information from the macroscale perspective, the curing residual stresses are calculatedThe evolution of curing residual stresses reveals the interaction mechanism of fiber, matrix, and interphaseperiod during the curing process.Furthermore, the curing residual stresses at different locations in the composites are calculated and

Keywords： CFRP     curing residual stress     multiscale modeling     finite element method    

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Synthesis of hierarchical nanohybrid CNT@Ni-PS and its applications in enhancing the tribological, curing

Jinian Yang, Yuxuan Xu, Chang Su, Shibin Nie, Zhenyu Li

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 5,   Pages 1281-1295 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-2007-9

Abstract: The morphological structures, tribological performances, curing behaviors and thermal properties of EPMoreover, analysis on cure kinetics proves the excellent promotion of CNT@Ni-PS on the non-isothermal curingprocess, lowering the curing energy barrier steadily.

Keywords： nickel phyllosilicate     surface decoration     tribological property     curing kinetics     thermal performance    

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evolutive mode-I and mode-II fracture behavior of fiber-reinforced cemented paste backfill: Effect of curingtemperature and curing time

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering   Pages 256-270 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0924-z

Abstract: The curing temperature-dependent cement hydration causes the nonlinear evolution of fracture behaviorTherefore, the coupled effect of curing temperature (20, 35, and 45 °C) and cement hydration at differentcuring times (3, 7, and 28 d) on the mode-I and mode-II fracture behavior and properties of fiber-reinforced

Keywords： fiber reinforcement     cemented paste backfill     fracture behavior     underground mine     cement hydration    

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The influence of curing conditions on the mechanical properties and leaching of inorganic polymers made

Remus I. Iacobescu, Valérie Cappuyns, Tinne Geens, Lubica Kriskova, Silviana Onisei, Peter T. Jones, Yiannis Pontikes

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3,   Pages 317-327 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1622-6

Abstract: This study reports on the impact of the curing conditions on the mechanical properties and leaching ofThis was found to be attributed to the cracks formed upon curing.

Keywords： inorganic polymer     geochemical leaching modelling     heavy metals     recycling     non-ferrous fayalitic slag     curing    

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Effect of UAV prewetting application during the flowering period of cotton on pesticide droplet deposition

Weixiang YAO, Xianju WANG, Yubin LAN, Ji JIN

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 5, Issue 4,   Pages 455-461 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018232

Abstract: was studied, focusing on the effects of pesticide deposition on cotton leaves during the flowering period

Keywords： aerial spray     cotton     deposition     flowering period     leaf angle     prewetting     UAV    

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Using hydrochemical signatures to characterize the long-period evolution of groundwater information in

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 5, doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1393-7

Abstract:

• The long-period groundwater evolution was identified by hydrochemical

Keywords： Groundwater quality     Hydrochemical signatures     Spatial-temporal variations     Water-rock interactions     Anthropogenic interventions    

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Influence of accelerated curing on the compressive strength of polymer-modified concrete

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering   Pages 589-599 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0789-1

Abstract: In recent building practice, rapid construction is one of the principal requisites. Furthermore, in designing concrete structures, compressive strength is the most significant of all parameters. While 3-d and 7-d compressive strength reflects the strengths at early phases, the ultimate strength is paramount. An effort has been made in this study to develop mathematical models for predicting compressive strength of concrete incorporating ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) at the later phases. Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) goodness-of-fit test was used to examine distribution of the data. The compressive strength of EVA-modified concrete was studied by incorporating various concentrations of EVA as an admixture and by testing at ages of 28, 56, 90, 120, 210, and 365 d. An accelerated compressive strength at 3.5 hours was considered as a reference strength on the basis of which all the specified strengths were predicted by means of linear regression fit. Based on the results of KS goodness-of-fit test, it was concluded that KS test statistics value (D) in each case was lower than the critical value 0.521 for a significance level of 0.05, which demonstrated that the data was normally distributed. Based on the results of compressive strength test, it was concluded that the strength of EVA-modified specimens increased at all ages and the optimum dosage of EVA was achieved at 16% concentration. Furthermore, it was concluded that predicted compressive strength values lies within a 6% difference from the actual strength values for all the mixes, which indicates the practicability of the regression equations. This research work may help in understanding the role of EVA as a viable material in polymer-based cement composites.

Keywords： compressive strength prediction     polymer-modified concrete     linear regression fit     early age strength     ethylene vinyl acetate    

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Synthesis of hierarchical nanohybrid CNT@Ni-PS and its applications in enhancing the tribological, curing

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 10,   Pages 1530-1530 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2240-5

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Mechanism design of reverse auction on concession period and generalized quality for PPP projects

Xianjia WANG, Shiwei WU

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2017, Volume 4, Issue 2,   Pages 156-170 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017016

Abstract: PPP projects usually require the bid to specify several characteristics of quality and the concession periodmodel of a PPP project can be replaced by a two-dimensional direct mechanism based on the concession period

Keywords： PPP project     reverse auction     mechanism design     multidimensional information     scoring function     two-stage bidding    

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Influence of initial curing conditions and exposure environments on chloride migration in concrete using

Wen XUE, Weiliang JIN, Hiroshi YOKOTA,

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 3,   Pages 348-353 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0077-3

Abstract: To investigate the influence of initial curing conditions and exposure environments on chloride ions&The results indicated that the initial curing conditions and the wet-dry interval of external environmentsThe co-effects of the initial curing condition and following exposure environment should be taken into

Keywords： durability     effective diffusion coefficient     steady-state     migration test    

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A novel period estimation method for X-ray pulsars based on frequency subdivision

Li-rong SHEN,Xiao-ping LI,Hai-feng SUN,Hai-yan FANG,Meng-fan XUE

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2015, Volume 16, Issue 10,   Pages 858-870 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500052

Abstract: Period estimation of X-ray pulsars plays an important role in X-ray pulsar based navigation (XPNAV).The fast Lomb periodogram is suitable for period estimation of X-ray pulsars, but its performance infrequency subdivision and the continuous Lomb periodogram (CLP) is proposed to improve precision of periodFinally, a refined period is achieved by calculating the CLP in the obtained frequencies.Furthermore, the proposed method performs better than efsearch (a period estimation method of HEAsoft

Keywords： Pulsar navigation     Period estimation     Frequency subdivision     Continuous Lomb periodogram    

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Experimental research on the multilayer compartmental particle damper and its application methods on long-period

Zhenyuan LUO, Weiming YAN, Weibing XU, Qinfei ZHENG, Baoshun WANG

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 4,   Pages 751-766 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0509-z

Abstract: To introduce particle damping technology to long-period structure seismic control, a novel multilayercompartmental particle damper (MCPD) was proposed, and a 1/20 scale test model of a typical long-periodThe results showed that the seismic responses of the flexible or semi-flexible bridge towers of long-periodA well-designed MCPD can achieve significant damping for long-period structures under seismic excitationsapplication of MCPDs for seismic control of single-tower self-anchored suspension bridges and other long-period

Keywords： multilayer compartmental particle damper     self-anchored suspension bridges     shaking tables test     long-period    

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Short-term effect of temperature variation on the competition between PAOs and GAOs during acclimation period

Nanqi REN, Han KANG, Xiuheng WANG, Nan LI

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 2,   Pages 277-282 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0226-x

Abstract: Sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) processes was used to investigate the impact of the temperature shock on the competition between phosphorus-accumulating organisms (PAOs) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) in start-up stage. During the 34 days operation, SBR was set with temperature variation(0–5 d, 22±1°C; 6–13 d, 29±1°C; 14–34 d, 14±1°C). PAOs and GAOs were analyzed by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), and intracellular polyphosphate granules were stained by Neisser-stain. The results showed that the influence of temperature shock on PAOs’ abundance was more serious than that on GAOs in the enriching process. Under sudden and substantially temperature variation, from 22±1°C to 29±1°C and then to 14±1°C, the domination of PAOs was deteriorated. After temperature shock, PAOs’ competitive advantages at low temperature that concluded in other study did not appear in our study. As mesophilic, GAOs (indicated by and ) were more temperature adaptive and better grew and took the domination at 14±1°C in the end. In the competition process, organisms of tetrad forming organisms (TFOs)-like shape which were considered as typical GAOs, were observed. With the evidence of poly-P granules containing by Neisser-straining and result of FISH, these organisms of TFOs-like shape were better to be assumed as adaption state or a special self-protecting shape of PAOs.

Keywords： fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)     tetrad forming organisms (TFOs)     temperature variation     enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR)    

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Russian school of the theory and geometry of gearing: Its origin and golden period (1935 --1975)

Dmitry BABICHEV,Sergey LAGUTIN,Natalya BARMINA

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2016, Volume 11, Issue 1,   Pages 44-59 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0360-z

Abstract: This paper also includes a review of more than 160 papers in Russian for the period of 1935–1975The main features and achievements during this period are also considered.The diagrams also show the following aspects: 1) The most popular and important themes in a specific period

Keywords： theory of gearing (TG)     gear geometry     generating surface     gear synthesis     gear analysis    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Assessing compressive strengths of mortar and concrete from digital images by machine learning techniques

Journal Article

Multiscale model of micro curing residual stress evolution in carbon fiber-reinforced thermoset polymer

Xinyu HUI, Yingjie XU, Weihong ZHANG

Journal Article

Synthesis of hierarchical nanohybrid CNT@Ni-PS and its applications in enhancing the tribological, curing

Jinian Yang, Yuxuan Xu, Chang Su, Shibin Nie, Zhenyu Li

Journal Article

evolutive mode-I and mode-II fracture behavior of fiber-reinforced cemented paste backfill: Effect of curingtemperature and curing time

Journal Article

The influence of curing conditions on the mechanical properties and leaching of inorganic polymers made

Remus I. Iacobescu, Valérie Cappuyns, Tinne Geens, Lubica Kriskova, Silviana Onisei, Peter T. Jones, Yiannis Pontikes

Journal Article

Effect of UAV prewetting application during the flowering period of cotton on pesticide droplet deposition

Weixiang YAO, Xianju WANG, Yubin LAN, Ji JIN

Journal Article

Using hydrochemical signatures to characterize the long-period evolution of groundwater information in

Journal Article

Influence of accelerated curing on the compressive strength of polymer-modified concrete

Journal Article

Synthesis of hierarchical nanohybrid CNT@Ni-PS and its applications in enhancing the tribological, curing

Journal Article

Mechanism design of reverse auction on concession period and generalized quality for PPP projects

Xianjia WANG, Shiwei WU

Journal Article

Influence of initial curing conditions and exposure environments on chloride migration in concrete using

Wen XUE, Weiliang JIN, Hiroshi YOKOTA,

Journal Article

A novel period estimation method for X-ray pulsars based on frequency subdivision

Li-rong SHEN,Xiao-ping LI,Hai-feng SUN,Hai-yan FANG,Meng-fan XUE

Journal Article

Experimental research on the multilayer compartmental particle damper and its application methods on long-period

Zhenyuan LUO, Weiming YAN, Weibing XU, Qinfei ZHENG, Baoshun WANG

Journal Article

Short-term effect of temperature variation on the competition between PAOs and GAOs during acclimation period

Nanqi REN, Han KANG, Xiuheng WANG, Nan LI

Journal Article

Russian school of the theory and geometry of gearing: Its origin and golden period (1935 --1975)

Dmitry BABICHEV,Sergey LAGUTIN,Natalya BARMINA

Journal Article