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Nitrogen-retaining property of compost in an aerobic thermophilic composting reactor for the sanitary

Fan BAI, Xiaochang WANG,

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 2,   Pages 228-234 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0022-7

Abstract: conditions could be more precisely controlled for the retention of fecal nitrogen as long as possible in the compostThermophilic composting could be considered as a way to keep a high organic nitrogen content in the compost

Keywords: nitrogen retention     composting reactor     human feces     aerobic     thermophilic     fertilizer    

Impact of Torrefaction on the Properties of Food Waste Compost

Yang Qiu, Gu Jing, Wang Yazhuo, Yuan Haoran, He Mingyang, Sun Fuan

Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 3,   Pages 109-116 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.03.016

Abstract: At present, the quality of food waste compost is poor, such that soil is easily polluted.Heat generated during the burning of the food waste compost after torrefaction is mainly in the fixedThe torrefaction temperature of the food waste
compost should be between 250~300 ℃.Torrefaction pretreatment improves the fuel characteristics of the food waste compost significantly.utilization of food waste
compost.

Keywords: torrefaction     food waste compost     biomass     fuel properties     combustion characteristic    

Removal of multicomponent VOCs in off-gases from an oil refining wastewater treatment plant by a compost-based

Dan WU, Chunyan ZHANG, Li HAO, Changjun GENG, Xie QUAN,

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 483-491 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0144-y

Abstract: compounds (VOCs) in off-gases from oil refining wastewater treatment plants was conducted in a pilot-scale compost-basedThis system consists of two identical biofilters packed with compost and polyethylene (PE).

Keywords: biodegradation     volatile organic compounds (VOCs)     biofiltration     biofilter    

Characteristics of night soil and leaf co-composting using aerobic static method

Xiaojie SUN, Dunqiu WANG, Wenjing LU, Hongtao WANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 3,   Pages 421-427 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0380-9

Abstract: The main purpose of this work is to investigate the characteristics of night soil and leaf co-composting using aerobic static composting method. Three influencing factors, including proportion of night soil and leaf, aeration rate and aeration pattern, were investigated through the evolution of the principal physicochemical properties, i.e., temperature, oxygen consumption rate, organic matters, moisture content, carbon, nitrogen, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and Germination index (GI). It was found that the 3∶1 (w∶w) mixture of night soil and leaf was capable of achieving the highest composting temperature, longest retention time of high temperature (55°C), and fastest organic matter degradation. The 0.14 m ·min ·m aeration rate was most beneficial to composting, and the mixture of night soil and leaf maintained the highest temperature for the longest duration and achieved the highest CO content and GI. The continuous aeration pattern during composting was superior to an intermittent aeration pattern, since the latter delayed the composting process.

Keywords: night soil     leaf     aerobic compost     aeration rate     aeration pattern    

EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA

Solomon Tulu TADESSE, Oene OENEMA, Christy van BEEK, Fikre Lemessa OCHO

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 8, Issue 1,   Pages 159-174 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020375

Abstract: Urban population growth is driving the expansion of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) in developing countries. UPA is providing nutritious food to residents but the manures produced by UPA livestock farms and other wastes are not properly recycled. This paper explores the effects of four scenarios: (1) a reference scenario (business as usual), (2) increased urbanization, (3) UPA intensification, and (4) improved technology, on food-protein self-sufficiency, manure nitrogen (N) recycling and balances for four different zones in a small city (Jimma) in Ethiopia during the period 2015-2050. An N mass flow model with data from farm surveys, field experiments and literature was used. A field experiment was conducted and N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values differed among the five types of composts derived from urban livestock manures and kitchen wastes. The N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values were used in the N mass flow model. Livestock manures were the main organic wastes in urban areas, although only 20 to 40% of animal-sourced food consumed was produced in UPA, and only 14 to 19% of protein intake by residents was animal-based. Scenarios indicate that manure production in UPA will increase 3 to 10 times between 2015 and 2050, depending on urbanization and UPA intensification. Only 13 to 38% of manure N will be recycled in croplands. Farm-gate N balances of UPA livestock farms will increase to>1 t·ha in 2050. Doubling livestock productivity and feed protein conversion to animal-sourced food will roughly halve manure N production. Costs of waste recycling were high and indicate the need for government incentives. Results of these senarios are wake-up calls for all stakeholders and indicate alternative pathways.

Keywords: compost     food self-sufficiency     livestock production     nitrogen balance     nitrogen use efficiency     scenario    

Biodegradation of triclosan and triclocarban in sewage sludge during composting under three ventilation strategies

Bao Yu, Guodi Zheng, Xuedong Wang, Min Wang, Tongbin Chen

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1125-4

Abstract:

TCS and TCC can be biodegraded during sewage sludge composting.

Ventilation significantly accelerated the biodegradation of TCS and TCC in sludge.

Composting can reduce the environmental risk of TCS and TCC in sewage sludge.

Keywords: Sewage sludge     Compost     Triclosan     Triclocarban     Ventilation     Risk assessment    

Greenhouse gas emissions during co-composting of cattle feedlot manure with construction and demolition (C&D) waste

Xiying Hao, Francis J. Larney

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0955-1

Abstract: Manure management strategies should reflect current animal feeding practices and encourage recycling of organic waste to help protect our environment. This research investigated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during cattle manure stockpiling or composting with and without construction and demolition (C&D) waste. Manure was collected from cattle fed a typical finishing diet (CK manure) and from cattle on diets which included 30% dried distillers grains with solubles (DG manure). The CK and DG manures were co-composted with (4:1) C&D waste (treatments: CK_CD DG_CD), composted alone (treatments: CK and DG) in 13 m bins or stockpiled without C&D waste (treatments: CK_ST and DG_ST) for 99 days. Manure type (CK vs. DG manure) had no effect on GHG emissions over the 99 day manure composting or stockpiling. Composting with C&D waste produced similar CO emissions, about double that from manure stockpiling (7.0 kgC·m ). In contrast, CH emissions were reduced by the inclusion of C&D waste (64 gC·m with C&D vs. 244 gC·m without C&D) while the manure stockpile emitted the greatest amount of CH (464 gC·m ). Additionally, only 0.48% of C was emitted in CH form with C&D waste, compared to 1.68% when composting without C&D waste and 7.00% when cattle manure was stockpiled. The N O emissions (12.4 to 18.0 gN·m ) were similar across all treatments. The lower CH emissions with C&D waste are beneficial in reducing overall GHG emissions from manure composting, while reducing the amount of material entering landfills.

Keywords: Livestock manure     greenhouse gas flux     straw bale compost bin     N2O     CH4     CO2   

Title Author Date Type Operation

Nitrogen-retaining property of compost in an aerobic thermophilic composting reactor for the sanitary

Fan BAI, Xiaochang WANG,

Journal Article

Impact of Torrefaction on the Properties of Food Waste Compost

Yang Qiu, Gu Jing, Wang Yazhuo, Yuan Haoran, He Mingyang, Sun Fuan

Journal Article

Removal of multicomponent VOCs in off-gases from an oil refining wastewater treatment plant by a compost-based

Dan WU, Chunyan ZHANG, Li HAO, Changjun GENG, Xie QUAN,

Journal Article

Characteristics of night soil and leaf co-composting using aerobic static method

Xiaojie SUN, Dunqiu WANG, Wenjing LU, Hongtao WANG

Journal Article

EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA

Solomon Tulu TADESSE, Oene OENEMA, Christy van BEEK, Fikre Lemessa OCHO

Journal Article

Biodegradation of triclosan and triclocarban in sewage sludge during composting under three ventilation strategies

Bao Yu, Guodi Zheng, Xuedong Wang, Min Wang, Tongbin Chen

Journal Article

Greenhouse gas emissions during co-composting of cattle feedlot manure with construction and demolition (C&D) waste

Xiying Hao, Francis J. Larney

Journal Article