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Analysis on the distinguishing features of traditional Chinese therapeutics and related statistical issues

Jingqing Hu, Jie Qiao, Deying Kang, Baoyan Liu

Frontiers of Medicine 2011, Volume 5, Issue 2,   Pages 203-207 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0138-6

Abstract: This paper introduces the following scientific features of traditional Chinese therapeutics: 1) its goal

Keywords： traditional Chinese therapeutics     feature     statistic    

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Developing macromolecular therapeutics: the future drug-of-choice

Huining HE, Victor C. YANG, Weibing DONG, Junbo GONG, Jingkang WANG,

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 1,   Pages 10-17 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0291-5

Abstract: Since worldwide progress on macromolecular therapeutics still remains in the infant stage and is therefore

Keywords： worldwide     challenging     effective     macromolecular     self-owned intellectual    

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Human monoclonal antibodies as candidate therapeutics against emerging viruses

Yujia Jin, Cheng Lei, Dan Hu, Dimiter S. Dimitrov, Tianlei Ying

Frontiers of Medicine 2017, Volume 11, Issue 4,   Pages 462-470 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0596-6

Abstract:

The emergence of new pathogens, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and Ebola virus, poses serious challenges to global public health and highlights the urgent need for novel antiviral approaches. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been successfully used to treat various diseases, particularly cancer and immunological disorders. Antigen-specific mAbs have been isolated using several different approaches, including hybridoma, transgenic mice, phage display, yeast display, and single B-cell isolation. Consequently, an increasing number of mAbs, which exhibit high potency against emerging viruses in vitro and in animal models of infection, have been developed. In this paper, we summarize historical trends and recent developments in mAb discovery, compare the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches to mAb production, and discuss the potential use of such strategies for the development of antivirals against emerging diseases. We also review the application of recently developed human mAbs against SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and Ebola virus and discuss prospects for the development of mAbs as therapeutic agents against emerging viral diseases.

Keywords： human monoclonal antibodies     emerging infectious diseases     SARS-CoV     MERS-CoV     Ebola virus    

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Comparison of the clinical features and therapeutics of COVID-19 in cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD

Yu Wang, Lan Li, Yuanjiang Pan, Yu He, Zuhua Chen, Yunhao Xun, Yuhan Xu, Yilei Guo, Jiehong Yang, Jianchun Guo, Haitong Wan

Frontiers of Medicine 2021, Volume 15, Issue 4,   Pages 629-637 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0825-2

Abstract: Cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) is a major comorbidity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the clinical characteristics and outcomes remain unclear. In this study, 102 cases of COVID-19 from January 22, 2020 to March 26, 2020 in Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou were included. Twenty cases had pre-existing CCVD. Results showed that compared with non-CCVD patients, those with CCVD are more likely to develop severe disease (15% versus 1%), and the proportion of pneumonia severity index grade IV was significantly higher (25% versus 3.6%). Computed tomography images demonstrated that the proportion of multiple lobe lesion involvement was significantly higher in the CCVD group than in the non-CCVD group (90% versus 63.4%). Compared with non-CCVD group, the levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and serum amyloid-A were higher, whereas the total protein and arterial partial PaO were lower in the CCVD group. Although no statistical difference was observed in the outcomes between groups, CCVD patients received more intensive comprehensive treatment to improve COVID-19 symptoms compared with non-CCVD patients. Integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatments have certain advantages in controlling the severe conversion rate and mortality of COVID-19. In addition, given that COVID-19 patients are usually related to coagulation disorders and thrombosis risk, the application of Chinese medicine in promoting blood circulation and removing stasis should be strengthened.

Keywords： COVID-19     cardio-cerebrovascular disease     traditional Chinese medicine     clinical features     clinical therapeutics    

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Precision medicine in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Ching-Hon Pui

Frontiers of Medicine 2020, Volume 14, Issue 6,   Pages 689-700 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0759-8

Abstract: The cure rate of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has exceeded 90% in some contemporary clinical trials. However, the dose intensity of conventional chemotherapy has been pushed to its limit. Further improvement in outcome will need to rely more heavily on molecular therapeutic as well as immuno- and cellular-therapy approaches together with precise risk stratification. Children with or hyperdiploid>50 ALL who achieve negative minimal residual disease during early remission induction are suitable candidates for reduction in treatment. Patients with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive or Ph-like ALL with ABL-class fusion should be treated with dasatinib. BH3 profiling and other preclinical methods have identified several high-risk subtypes, such as hypodiplod, early T-cell precursor, immature T-cell, -rearranged, Ph-positive and -positive ALL, that may respond to BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax. There are other fusions or mutations that may serve as putative targets, but effective targeted therapy has yet to be established. For other high-risk patients or poor early treatment responders who do not have targetable genetic lesions, current approaches that offer hope include blinatumomab, inotuzumab and CAR-T cell therapy for B-ALL, and daratumumab and nelarabine for T-ALL. With the expanding therapeutic armamentarium, we should start focus on rational combinations of targeted therapy with non-overlapping toxicities.

Keywords： acute lymphoblastic leukemia     molecular therapeutics     targeted therapy     tyrosine kinase inhibitors     immunotherapy    

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ANTIVIRAL EFFECTS OF BACTERIOCIN AGAINST ANIMAL-TO-HUMAN TRANSMITTABLE MUTATED SARS-COV-2: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 8, Issue 4,   Pages 603-622 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2021397

Abstract: These antimicrobial peptides have been suggested as effective antiviral therapeutics and therapeuticNovel bacteriocin based therapeutics with cutting-edge technologies might be potential substitutes for

Keywords： antimicrobial proteins / antiviral profiling of bacteriocins / antiviral therapeutics / immunomodulation    

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Molecular engineering of dendrimer nanovectors for siRNA delivery and gene silencing

Yu Cao, Xiaoxuan Liu, Ling Peng

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 4,   Pages 663-675 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1623-5

Abstract: Small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapeutics hold great promise to treat a variety of diseases, as longHowever, the clinical translation of RNA therapeutics mediated by dendrimer delivery is hampered by theThis short review presents a brief introduction to RNAi therapeutics, the obstacles to their deliverydendrimer nanovectors holds great promise and heralds a new era of dendrimer-mediated delivery of RNA therapeutics

Keywords： gene therapy     RNAi therapeutics     dendrimer     nanovectors     gene silencing    

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Enhanced penetration strategies for transdermal delivery

Qiaofei Pan, Yinglin Yu, Dong Chen, Genlong Jiao, Xiaowen Liu

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 3,   Pages 378-388 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1913-1

Abstract: , such as the stratum corneum, the topmost layer of skin, limit the systemic absorption of external therapeutics

Keywords： transdermal delivery     stratum corneum     enhanced penetration     therapeutics    

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Clinical study using mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of patients with severe COVID-19

Lingling Tang, Yingan Jiang, Mengfei Zhu, Lijun Chen, Xiaoyang Zhou, Chenliang Zhou, Peng Ye, Xiaobei Chen, Baohong Wang, Zhenyu Xu, Qiang Zhang, Xiaowei Xu, Hainv Gao, Xiaojun Wu, Dong Li, Wanli Jiang, Jingjing Qu, Charlie Xiang, Lanjuan Li

Frontiers of Medicine 2020, Volume 14, Issue 5,   Pages 664-673 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0810-9

Abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 was identified in December 2019. The symptoms include fever, cough, dyspnea, early symptom of sputum, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is the immediate treatment used for patients with severe cases of COVID-19. Herein, we describe two confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Wuhan to explore the role of MSC in the treatment of COVID-19. MSC transplantation increases the immune indicators (including CD4 and lymphocytes) and decreases the inflammation indicators (interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein). High-flow nasal cannula can be used as an initial support strategy for patients with ARDS. With MSC transplantation, the fraction of inspired O (FiO ) of the two patients gradually decreased while the oxygen saturation (SaO ) and partial pressure of oxygen (PO ) improved. Additionally, the patients’ chest computed tomography showed that bilateral lung exudate lesions were adsorbed after MSC infusion. Results indicated that MSC transplantation provides clinical data on the treatment of COVID-19 and may serve as an alternative method for treating COVID-19, particularly in patients with ARDS.

Keywords： coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)     mesenchymal stem cell     acute respiratory distress syndrome     stem cell therapeutics    

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Clinical Study of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Induced by Epidemic Influenza A (H7N9) Infection: A Hint for COVID-19 Treatment Article

Jiajia Chen, Chenxia Hu, Lijun Chen, Lingling Tang, Yixin Zhu, Xiaowei Xu, Lu Chen, Hainv Gao, Xiaoqing Lu, Liang Yu, Xiahong Dai, Charlie Xiang, Lanjuan Li

Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 10,   Pages 1153-1161 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.02.006

Abstract:

H7N9 viruses quickly spread between mammalian hosts and carry the risk of human-to-human transmission, as shown by the 2013 outbreak. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), lung failure, and acute pneumonia are major lung diseases in H7N9 patients. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising choice for treating virus-induced pneumonia, and was used to treat H7N9-induced ARDS in 2013. The transplant of MSCs into patients with H7N9-induced ARDS was conducted at a single center through an open-label clinical trial. Based on the principles of voluntariness and informed consent, 44 patients with H7N9-induced ARDS were included as a control group, while 17 patients with H7N9-induced ARDS acted as an experimental group with allogeneic menstrual-blood-derived MSCs. It was notable that MSC transplantation significantly lowered the mortality of the experimental group, compared with the control group (17.6% died in the experimental group while 54.5% died in the control group). Furthermore, MSC transplantation did not result in harmful effects in the bodies of four of the patients who were part of the five-year follow-up period. Collectively, these results suggest that MSCs significantly improve the survival rate of H7N9-induced ARDS and provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of H7N9-induced ARDS in both preclinical research and clinical studies. Because H7N9 and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) share similar complications (e.g., ARDS and lung failure) and corresponding multi-organ dysfunction, MSC-based therapy could be a possible alternative for treating COVID-19.

Keywords： Mesenchymal stem cell     Epidemic Influenza A     Acute respiratory distress syndrome     COVID-19     Stem cell therapeutics    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Analysis on the distinguishing features of traditional Chinese therapeutics and related statistical issues

Jingqing Hu, Jie Qiao, Deying Kang, Baoyan Liu

Journal Article

Developing macromolecular therapeutics: the future drug-of-choice

Huining HE, Victor C. YANG, Weibing DONG, Junbo GONG, Jingkang WANG,

Journal Article

Human monoclonal antibodies as candidate therapeutics against emerging viruses

Yujia Jin, Cheng Lei, Dan Hu, Dimiter S. Dimitrov, Tianlei Ying

Journal Article

Comparison of the clinical features and therapeutics of COVID-19 in cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD

Yu Wang, Lan Li, Yuanjiang Pan, Yu He, Zuhua Chen, Yunhao Xun, Yuhan Xu, Yilei Guo, Jiehong Yang, Jianchun Guo, Haitong Wan

Journal Article

Precision medicine in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Ching-Hon Pui

Journal Article

ANTIVIRAL EFFECTS OF BACTERIOCIN AGAINST ANIMAL-TO-HUMAN TRANSMITTABLE MUTATED SARS-COV-2: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Journal Article

Molecular engineering of dendrimer nanovectors for siRNA delivery and gene silencing

Yu Cao, Xiaoxuan Liu, Ling Peng

Journal Article

Enhanced penetration strategies for transdermal delivery

Qiaofei Pan, Yinglin Yu, Dong Chen, Genlong Jiao, Xiaowen Liu

Journal Article

Clinical study using mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of patients with severe COVID-19

Lingling Tang, Yingan Jiang, Mengfei Zhu, Lijun Chen, Xiaoyang Zhou, Chenliang Zhou, Peng Ye, Xiaobei Chen, Baohong Wang, Zhenyu Xu, Qiang Zhang, Xiaowei Xu, Hainv Gao, Xiaojun Wu, Dong Li, Wanli Jiang, Jingjing Qu, Charlie Xiang, Lanjuan Li

Journal Article

Clinical Study of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Induced by Epidemic Influenza A (H7N9) Infection: A Hint for COVID-19 Treatment

Jiajia Chen, Chenxia Hu, Lijun Chen, Lingling Tang, Yixin Zhu, Xiaowei Xu, Lu Chen, Hainv Gao, Xiaoqing Lu, Liang Yu, Xiahong Dai, Charlie Xiang, Lanjuan Li

Journal Article