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Serum mitochondrial tsRNA serves as a novel biomarker for hepatocarcinoma diagnosis

Frontiers of Medicine 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2,   Pages 216-226 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0920-7

Abstract: In summary, our study demonstrated that serum tsRNA signature may serve as a novel biomarker of HCC.

Keywords: tsRNA     biomarker     hepatocarcinoma    

MiRNA-451 is a potential biomarker for estrogenicity in mouse uterus

Lingyan HOU, Yun LU, Ying LI, Li LI

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 1,   Pages 99-105 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0490-7

Abstract: An alternative way is to evaluate estrogenicity through biomarker genes.MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of regulatory gene, which has been shown to be a good biomarker for manystrong responses to E2 in the uterus of both immature and overiectomized mice, and could be a potential biomarker

Keywords: estrogen     microRNA (miRNA)     microarray     biomarker    

Plasma transthyretin is a nutritional biomarker in human morbidities

Frontiers of Medicine 2022, Volume 16, Issue 4,   Pages 540-550 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0940-3

Abstract: Transthyretin (TTR) is a small liver-secreted plasma protein that shows close correlations with changes in lean body mass (LBM) during the entire human lifespan and agglomerates the bulk of nitrogen (N)-containing substrates, hence constituting the cornerstone of body building. Amino acids (AAs) dietary restriction causes inhibition of TTR production and impairs the accretion of LBM reserves. Inflammatory disorders result in cytokine-induced abrogation of TTR synthesis and urinary leakage of nitrogenous catabolites. Taken together, the data indicate that malnutrition and inflammation may similarly suppress the production of TTR through distinct and unrelated pathophysiological mechanisms while operating in concert to downsize LBM stores. The hepatic synthesis of TTR integrates both machineries, acting as a marker of reduced LBM resources still available for defense and repair processes. TTR operates as a universal surrogate analyte that allows for the grading of residual LBM capacity to reflect disease burden. Measurement of TTR is a simple, rapid, and inexpensive micro-method that may be reproduced on a daily basis, hence ideally suited for the follow-up of the most intricated clinical situations and as a reliable predictor of any morbidity outcome.

Keywords: lean body mass     nutritional status     transthyretin     malnutrition     inflammation     amyloidosis    

Biosensor-based assay of exosome biomarker for early diagnosis of cancer

Frontiers of Medicine 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2,   Pages 157-175 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0884-z

Abstract: Exosome has recently become an attractive cancer biomarker in noninvasive early diagnosis because of

Keywords: biosensor     exosome     cancer diagnosis    

Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 (sTREM-1): a potential biomarker for the diagnosis

Changlin Cao, Jingxian Gu, Jingyao Zhang

Frontiers of Medicine 2017, Volume 11, Issue 2,   Pages 169-177 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0505-z

Abstract: sTREM-1) is a special form of TREM-1 that can be directly tested in human body fluids and well-known biomarkerinfections (e.g., infection), and burn-related infections. sTREM-1 is a more sensitive and specific biomarkerTherefore, sTREM-1 is a feasible biomarker for the targeted therapy and rapid and early diagnosis of

Keywords: soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1     infectious diseases     diagnosis and prognosis     biomarker    

Increased expression of coronin-1a in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a potential diagnostic biomarker

Frontiers of Medicine 2022, Volume 16, Issue 5,   Pages 723-735 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0905-y

Abstract: Therefore, CORO1A might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for ALS.

Keywords: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis     coronin-1a     autophagy     pathogenesis    

iTRAQ-based quantitative analysis of cancer-derived secretory proteome reveals TPM2 as a potential diagnostic biomarker

Yiming Ma,Ting Xiao,Quan Xu,Xinxin Shao,Hongying Wang

Frontiers of Medicine 2016, Volume 10, Issue 3,   Pages 278-285 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0453-z

Abstract: In summary, this study revealed potential molecules for future biomarker applications and provided an

Keywords: iTRAQ     secretome     colorectal cancer     TPM2    

Sepsis biomarkers: an omics perspective

Xiao Liu, Hui Ren, Daizhi Peng

Frontiers of Medicine 2014, Volume 8, Issue 1,   Pages 58-67 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0318-2

Abstract:

Sepsis is a common cause of death in hospitalized patients worldwide. The early detection of sepsis remains a great challenge for clinicians, and delayed diagnosis frequently undermines treatment efforts, thereby contributing to high mortality. Omics technologies allow high-throughput screening of sepsis biomarkers. This review describes currently available and novel sepsis biomarkers in the context of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. The combination of these technologies can help refine the diagnosis of sepsis. This review paper serves as a reference for future studies that employ an integrated, multi-omics approach to disease identification.

Keywords: sepsis     biomarker     genomics     transcriptomics     proteomics     metabolomics    

U-shaped microRNA expression pattern could be a new concept biomarker for environmental estrogen

Rui Duan, Yun Lu, Lingyan Hou, Lina Du, Lequn Sun, Xingfan Tang

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 6, doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0880-8

Abstract: estrogenic activity and that the typical nonmonotonic dose-response relationship could be used as a novel biomarker

Keywords: miRNA     Prostate     Estradiol     Nonmonotonic dose-response     Estrogenicity     Drosha    

study of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia reveals the Fc fragment of the IgG-binding protein as a serum biomarker

Frontiers of Medicine 2022, Volume 16, Issue 3,   Pages 378-388 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0840-y

Abstract: Macrolide and corticosteroid resistance has been reported in patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia (MPP). MP clearance is difficult to achieve through antibiotic treatment in sensitive patients with severe MPP (SMPP). SMPP in children might progress to airway remodeling and even bronchiolitis/bronchitis obliterans. Therefore, identifying serum biomarkers that indicate MPP progression and exploring new targeted drugs for SMPP treatment require urgency. In this study, serum samples were collected from patients with general MPP (GMPP) and SMPP to conduct proteomics profiling. The Fc fragment of the IgG-binding protein (FCGBP) was identified as the most promising indicator of SMPP. Biological enrichment analysis indicated uncontrolled inflammation in SMPP. ELISA results proved that the FCGBP level in patients with SMPP was substantially higher than that in patients with GMPP. Furthermore, the FCGBP levels showed a decreasing trend in patients with GMPP but the opposite trend in patients with SMPP during disease progression. Connectivity map analyses identified 25 possible targeted drugs for SMPP treatment. Among them, a mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) inhibitor, which is a macrolide compound and a cell proliferation inhibitor, was the most promising candidate for targeting SMPP. To our knowledge, this study was the first proteomics-based characterization of patients with SMPP and GMPP.

Keywords: severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia     children     proteomics     Fc fragment of the IgG-binding protein     mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase inhibitor    

Current advances in the elimination of hepatitis B in China by 2030

Shuye Zhang, Fusheng Wang, Zheng Zhang

Frontiers of Medicine 2017, Volume 11, Issue 4,   Pages 490-501 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0598-4

Abstract:

With its 78 million chronic carriers, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still one of the leading public health challenges in China. Over the last two decades, China has made great progress on the prevention of HBV transmission through national vaccination programs. Zero transmission from mother to infant has been proposed as the current goal. Available anti-HBV therapy is efficacious in suppressing HBV replication; however, it fails to completely cure patients with chronic hepatitis B and even requires lifelong treatment. To reduce the costs and improve the efficacy, several trials have been recently conducted in China to optimize the current anti-HBV managements. Novel biomarkers were identified to predict treatment outcomes, and new promising treatment strategies were developed. Reports also indicate that coinfections of HBV with other hepatotropic viruses and human immunodeficiency virus are common in China and cause severe liver diseases, which should be recognized early and treated properly. Work is still needed to eliminate hepatitis B in China by 2030.

Keywords: HBV     CHB     biomarker     functional cure     coinfection    

Predictive values of plasma TNFα and IL-8 for intracranial hemorrhage in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia

Frontiers of Medicine 2022, Volume 16, Issue 6,   Pages 909-918 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0890-1

Abstract: In patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), if not identified promptly, could be fatal. It is the leading cause of failure of induction and early death. Thus, biomarkers that could promptly predict severe complications are critical. Here, cytokine differences between patients with APL with and without ICH were investigated to develop predictive models for this complication. The initial cytokine profiling using plasma samples from 39 patients and 18 healthy donors found a series of cytokines that were remarkedly different between patients with APL and healthy controls. The APL patients were subsequently divided into high and low white blood cell count groups. Results showed that tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 8 (IL-8) were vital in distinguishing patients with APL who did or did not develop ICH. In addition, verification in 81 patients with APL demonstrated that the two cytokines were positively correlated with the cumulative incidence of ICH. Finally, in-vitro and in-vivo experimental evidence were provided to show that IL-8 influenced the migration of APL-derived NB4 cells and impaired the blood–brain barrier in PML/RARα positive blast-transplanted FVB/NJ mice. These assessments may facilitate the early warning of ICH and reduce future mortality levels in APL.

Keywords: acute promyelocytic leukemia     intracranial hemorrhage     cytokines     biomarker    

Environmental pollution and DNA methylation: carcinogenesis, clinical significance, and practical applications

Yi Cao

Frontiers of Medicine 2015, Volume 9, Issue 3,   Pages 261-274 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0406-y

Abstract:

Environmental pollution is one of the main causes of human cancer. Exposures to environmental carcinogens result in genetic and epigenetic alterations which induce cell transformation. Epigenetic changes caused by environmental pollution play important roles in the development and progression of environmental pollution-related cancers. Studies on DNA methylation are among the earliest and most conducted epigenetic research linked to cancer. In this review, the roles of DNA methylation in carcinogenesis and their significance in clinical medicine were summarized, and the effects of environmental pollutants, particularly air pollutants, on DNA methylation were introduced. Furthermore, prospective applications of DNA methylation to environmental pollution detection and cancer prevention were discussed.

Keywords: environmental pollution     DNA methylation     cancer     biomarker     diagnosis     therapy     prevention    

Gut microbiota and its implications in small bowel transplantation

Chenyang Wang, Qiurong Li, Jieshou Li

Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 3,   Pages 239-248 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0617-0

Abstract:

The gut microbiota is mainly composed of a diverse population of commensal bacterial species and plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, immune modulation and metabolism. The influence of the gut microbiota on solid organ transplantation has recently been recognized. In fact, several studies indicated that acute and chronic allograft rejection in small bowel transplantation (SBT) is closely associated with the alterations in microbial patterns in the gut. In this review, we focused on the recent findings regarding alterations in the microbiota following SBT and the potential roles of these alterations in the development of acute and chronic allograft rejection. We also reviewed important advances with respect to the interplays between the microbiota and host immune systems in SBT. Furthermore, we explored the potential of the gut microbiota as a microbial marker and/or therapeutic target for the predication and intervention of allograft rejection and chronic dysfunction. Given that current research on the gut microbiota has become increasingly sophisticated and comprehensive, large cohort studies employing metagenomic analysis and multivariate linkage should be designed for the characterization of host–microbe interaction and causality between microbiota alterations and clinical outcomes in SBT. The findings are expected to provide valuable insights into the role of gut microbiota in the development of allograft rejection and other transplant-related complications and introduce novel therapeutic targets and treatment approaches in clinical practice.

Keywords: gut microbiota     small bowel transplantation     acute rejection     chronic rejection     mucosal immunity     biomarker    

Progress on molecular biomarkers and classification of malignant gliomas

Chuanbao Zhang, Zhaoshi Bao, Wei Zhang, Tao Jiang

Frontiers of Medicine 2013, Volume 7, Issue 2,   Pages 150-156 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0267-1

Abstract:

Gliomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors in adults. Anaplastic gliomas (WHO grade III) and glioblastomas (WHO grade IV) represent the major groups of malignant gliomas in the brain. Several diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic biomarkers for malignant gliomas have been reported over the last few decades, and these markers have made great contributions to the accuracy of diagnosis, therapeutic decision making, and prognosis of patients. However, heterogeneity in patient outcomes may still be observed, which highlights the insufficiency of a classification system based purely on histopathology. Great efforts have been made to incorporate new information about the molecular landscape of gliomas into novel classifications that may potentially guide treatment. In this review, we summarize three distinctive biomarkers, three most commonly altered pathways, and three classifications based on microarray data in malignant gliomas.

Keywords: malignant glioma     molecular biomarker     IDH1     MGMT     molecular classification    

Title Author Date Type Operation

Serum mitochondrial tsRNA serves as a novel biomarker for hepatocarcinoma diagnosis

Journal Article

MiRNA-451 is a potential biomarker for estrogenicity in mouse uterus

Lingyan HOU, Yun LU, Ying LI, Li LI

Journal Article

Plasma transthyretin is a nutritional biomarker in human morbidities

Journal Article

Biosensor-based assay of exosome biomarker for early diagnosis of cancer

Journal Article

Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 (sTREM-1): a potential biomarker for the diagnosis

Changlin Cao, Jingxian Gu, Jingyao Zhang

Journal Article

Increased expression of coronin-1a in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a potential diagnostic biomarker

Journal Article

iTRAQ-based quantitative analysis of cancer-derived secretory proteome reveals TPM2 as a potential diagnostic biomarker

Yiming Ma,Ting Xiao,Quan Xu,Xinxin Shao,Hongying Wang

Journal Article

Sepsis biomarkers: an omics perspective

Xiao Liu, Hui Ren, Daizhi Peng

Journal Article

U-shaped microRNA expression pattern could be a new concept biomarker for environmental estrogen

Rui Duan, Yun Lu, Lingyan Hou, Lina Du, Lequn Sun, Xingfan Tang

Journal Article

study of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia reveals the Fc fragment of the IgG-binding protein as a serum biomarker

Journal Article

Current advances in the elimination of hepatitis B in China by 2030

Shuye Zhang, Fusheng Wang, Zheng Zhang

Journal Article

Predictive values of plasma TNFα and IL-8 for intracranial hemorrhage in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia

Journal Article

Environmental pollution and DNA methylation: carcinogenesis, clinical significance, and practical applications

Yi Cao

Journal Article

Gut microbiota and its implications in small bowel transplantation

Chenyang Wang, Qiurong Li, Jieshou Li

Journal Article

Progress on molecular biomarkers and classification of malignant gliomas

Chuanbao Zhang, Zhaoshi Bao, Wei Zhang, Tao Jiang

Journal Article