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Process synthesis with simultaneous consideration of inherent safety-inherent risk footprint

Andreja Nemet, Jiří J. Klemeš, Zdravko Kravanja

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 745-762 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1779-7

Abstract:

Process plants should be designed to be economically viable and environmentally friendly, while also being operable and maintainable during process implementation. The safety of processes is among the most important considerations in obtaining results that are more acceptably realistic, as it is linked to the availability and reliability of the process. Inherent safety can effectively be enhanced in the early stages of the design, when the main decisions on process design are made. The aim of this study is to enhance and select the appropriate risk assessment method and to incorporate it into process synthesis, using a mathematical programming approach. A mixed-integer, nonlinear programming (MINLP) model was used for the synthesis of a methanol production process, considering risk assessment during the synthesis. Risk assessment is performed simultaneously with the MINLP process synthesis, where the risk is determined either for the whole process as overall risk, or on a per unit-of-a-product basis. For the latter, a new measurement is proposed: the inherent risk footprint. The results of a case study led to two main conclusions: (i) Significantly safer designs can be obtained at negligible economic expense, and (ii) at higher production capacities, a lower inherent risk footprint can be achieved. The results also indicate that designs obtained using this method can have significantly increased inherent safety, while remaining economically viable.

Keywords： inherent safety     process design     simultaneous risk assessment     risk footprint     methanol process    

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Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of wheat bran flour into ethanol using coculture of amylotic

K. Manikandan, T. Viruthagiri

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 3,   Pages 240-249 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0205-6

Abstract: Studies on simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of wheat bran flour, a grain millingSimultaneous saccharificiation and fermentation of liquefied wheat bran starch to bioethanol was studied

Keywords： simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF)     starch     coculture fermentation     statistical experimental    

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efficiency of nitrogen removing bacterial population to a wide range of C:N ratio (1.5:1 to 14:1) for simultaneous

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 8, doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1522-y

Abstract:

• Simultaneous C & N removal in Methammox occurs at wide C:N ratio.

Keywords： Methanogens     Biological Nitrogen Removal (BNR)     Simultaneous     Methammox     C:N ratio    

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Activity and characteristics of “Oxygen-enriched” highly reactive absorbent for simultaneous flue gas

Yi ZHAO,Tianxiang GUO,Zili ZANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 2,   Pages 222-229 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0636-2

Abstract: Oxygen-enriched” highly reactive absorbent was prepared by mixing fly ash, lime and a small quantity of KMnO for simultaneousThe highest simultaneous removal efficiency, 94.5% of SO and 64.2% of NO, was achieved under the optimal

Keywords： Oxygen-enriched” highly reactive absorbent     Surface characteristics     Flue gas circulating fluidized bed     Simultaneous    

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Feasibility study on simultaneous removal of sulfur and trace selenium in the MTD-FGD reactor

LI Yuzhong, TONG Huiling, ZHUO Yuqun, LI Yan, CHEN Changhe, XU Xuchang

Frontiers in Energy 2007, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 259-263 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0036-4

Abstract: This study deals with the simultaneous removal of sulfur dioxide (SO) and trace selenium dioxide (SeOby calcium oxide (CaO) adsorption in the moderate temperature range, especially the feasibility of simultaneous

Keywords： Ca-based sorbent     product     feasibility     thermogravimetric analyzer     simultaneous removal    

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Methanogenic community structure in simultaneous methanogenesis and denitrification granular sludge

Yujiao Sun, Juanjuan Zhao, Lili Chen, Yueqiao Liu, Jiane Zuo

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1067-2

Abstract:

• UASB with SMD granules was operated with high removal efficiency of COD and NO3--N.

• Methanosaetaceae was absolute predominant methanogen in SMD granules.

• The methanogen quantity and activity decreased as C/N decreased from 20:1 to 5:1.

• Bacterial community succession happened with C/N decreasing.

Keywords： Simultaneous methanogenesis and denitrification (SMD)     Methanogens     Community structure     Diversity index    

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Tailoring the simultaneous abatement of methanol and NO on Sb-Ce-Zr catalysts via copper modification

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 10, doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-1565-0

Abstract:

● Cu addition enhances CH3OH oxidation and alleviates its inhibitory effect on SCR.

Keywords： Copper modification     Sb-CeZr2Ox catalyst     NOx     Methanol     Simultaneous    

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A Cu-modified active carbon fiber significantly promoted HS and PH simultaneous removal at a low reaction

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 6, doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1425-3

Abstract: ListItem>

• Cu0.15-ACF performs the best for H2S and PH3 simultaneous

Keywords： ACF     H2S     PH3     Cu     Low temperature     Simultaneous removal    

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A conceptual methodology for simultaneous optimization of water and heat with non-isothermal mixing

Yanlong Hou, Wanni Xie, Zhenya Duan, Jingtao Wang

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 2,   Pages 154-165 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1593-z

Abstract: This method employs a simultaneous model and includes two design steps.optimized targets of both freshwater and energy are reached at this step which ensures this approach is a simultaneous

Keywords： simultaneous integration     non-isothermal mixing     multi-target optimization     water and energy networks    

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A biofilter model for simultaneous simulation of toluene removal and bed pressure drop under varied inlet

Jinying XI,Insun KANG,Hongying HU,Xian ZHANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 3,   Pages 554-562 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0671-z

Abstract: In this study, a biofiltration model including the effect of biomass accumulation and inert biomass growth is developed to simultaneously predict the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) removal and filter bed pressure drop under varied inlet loadings. A laboratory-scale experimental biofilter for gaseous toluene removal was set up and operated for 100 days with inlet toluene concentration ranging from 250 to 2500 mg?m . According to sensitivity analysis based on the model, the VOCs removal efficiency of the biofilter is more sensitive to Henry’s constant, the specific surface area of the filter bed and the thickness of water layer, while the filter bed pressure drop is more sensitive to biomass yield coefficient and original void fraction. The calculated toluene removal efficiency and bed pressure drop satisfactorily fit the experimental data under varied inlet toluene loadings, which indicates the model in this study can be used to predict VOCs removal and bed pressure drop simultaneously. Based on the model, the effect of mass-transfer parameters on VOCs removal and the stable-run time of a biofilter are analyzed. The results demonstrate that the model can function as a good tool to evaluate the effect of biomass accumulation and optimize the design and operation of biofilters.

Keywords： Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)     biofilters     modelling     biomass accumulation     pressure drop    

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Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in activated sludge system under low oxygen concentration

ZHANG Peng, ZHOU Qi

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 1,   Pages 49-52 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0009-1

Abstract: Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND), which is more economical compared with the traditional

Keywords： synthetic wastewater     accessible     Simultaneous nitrification     MLSS·d     diffusion    

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VALORIZATION OF BIOGAS THROUGH SIMULTANEOUS CO AND HS REMOVAL BY RENEWABLE AQUEOUS AMMONIA SOLUTION IN

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 10, Issue 3,   Pages 468-478 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022473

Abstract:

● Simultaneous H2S and CO2 removal from biogas

Keywords： biomethane     biogas purification     CO2 removal     H2S removal     membrane absorption    

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Mechanisms for simultaneous ozonation of sulfamethoxazole and natural organic matters in secondary effluent

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1368-0

Abstract:

• SMX was mainly degraded by hydrolysis, isoxazole oxidation and double-bond addition.

Keywords： Sulfamethoxazole     Ozonation     Natural organic matters     Secondary effluent     Degradation mechanism    

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Study of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation for steam exploded wheat straw to ethanol

LUO Peng, YANG Chuanmin, LIU Zhong, WANG Gaosheng

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 447-451 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0069-1

Abstract: Although simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) has been investigated extensively, the

Keywords： optimal SSF     substrate concentration     optimum condition     enzyme loading     ethanol concentration    

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Factors affecting simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in an SBBR treating domestic wastewater

LI Jun, GU Guowei, PENG Yongzhen, WEI Su

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 246-250 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0042-0

Abstract: batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) packed with Bauer rings was used to treat real domestic wastewater for simultaneousThe efficiency of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) increased with increasing thickness
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Title Author Date Type Operation

Process synthesis with simultaneous consideration of inherent safety-inherent risk footprint

Andreja Nemet, Jiří J. Klemeš, Zdravko Kravanja

Journal Article

Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of wheat bran flour into ethanol using coculture of amylotic

K. Manikandan, T. Viruthagiri

Journal Article

efficiency of nitrogen removing bacterial population to a wide range of C:N ratio (1.5:1 to 14:1) for simultaneous

Journal Article

Activity and characteristics of “Oxygen-enriched” highly reactive absorbent for simultaneous flue gas

Yi ZHAO,Tianxiang GUO,Zili ZANG

Journal Article

Feasibility study on simultaneous removal of sulfur and trace selenium in the MTD-FGD reactor

LI Yuzhong, TONG Huiling, ZHUO Yuqun, LI Yan, CHEN Changhe, XU Xuchang

Journal Article

Methanogenic community structure in simultaneous methanogenesis and denitrification granular sludge

Yujiao Sun, Juanjuan Zhao, Lili Chen, Yueqiao Liu, Jiane Zuo

Journal Article

Tailoring the simultaneous abatement of methanol and NO on Sb-Ce-Zr catalysts via copper modification

Journal Article

A Cu-modified active carbon fiber significantly promoted HS and PH simultaneous removal at a low reaction

Journal Article

A conceptual methodology for simultaneous optimization of water and heat with non-isothermal mixing

Yanlong Hou, Wanni Xie, Zhenya Duan, Jingtao Wang

Journal Article

A biofilter model for simultaneous simulation of toluene removal and bed pressure drop under varied inlet

Jinying XI,Insun KANG,Hongying HU,Xian ZHANG

Journal Article

Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in activated sludge system under low oxygen concentration

ZHANG Peng, ZHOU Qi

Journal Article

VALORIZATION OF BIOGAS THROUGH SIMULTANEOUS CO AND HS REMOVAL BY RENEWABLE AQUEOUS AMMONIA SOLUTION IN

Journal Article

Mechanisms for simultaneous ozonation of sulfamethoxazole and natural organic matters in secondary effluent

Journal Article

Study of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation for steam exploded wheat straw to ethanol

LUO Peng, YANG Chuanmin, LIU Zhong, WANG Gaosheng

Journal Article

Factors affecting simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in an SBBR treating domestic wastewater

LI Jun, GU Guowei, PENG Yongzhen, WEI Su

Journal Article