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Influence of entrainer recycle for batch heteroazeotropic distillation

Laszlo Hegely, Peter Lang

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 643-659 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1760-5

Abstract:

Dehydration of isopropanol applying batch heteroazeotropic distillation with toluene as entrainer (E) is investigated. The composition of the feed is near to that of the isopropanol (A)-water (B) azeotrope. The effects of recycling the entrainer and the off-cut are studied by dynamic simulation with a professional flow-sheet simulator. Three consecutive batches (one production cycle) is studied. Both operational modes (Mode I: decantation after distillation and Mode II: decantation during distillation) are simulated. For Mode II, calculations are performed both for Strategy A (distillate from the aqueous (E-lean) phase only) and Strategy B (partial withdrawal of the organic (E-rich phase), as well). The E-rich phase, the final column hold-up and the off-cut (Mode II only) are recycled to the next batch. The influence of the following parameters are determined: quantity of entrainer, reflux ratios of the steps. The variations caused by the recycling in the 2nd and 3rd batches are also shown. The best results (lowest specific energy demand and highest recovery of A) are obtained by Mode II, Strategy A. Recycling increases the recovery, and drastically diminishes the entrainer consumption. However, it makes the production slower and decreases the quantity of fresh feed that can be processed.

Keywords： batch distillation     heteroazeotropic distillation     operational policies     off-cut recycle     entrainer    

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The impact of government incentives and penalties on willingness to recycle plastic waste: An evolutionary

Zhen Wang, Jiazhen Huo, Yongrui Duan

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 2, doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1208-2

Abstract: • Punishments increase the participation probability of collectors and recyclers. • Policy-sponsored incentives make collectors and recyclers to participate earlier. • Recyclers are more sensitive to government punishments than collectors. Because governments have introduced policies involving incentives and penalties to promote the recycling of plastic waste, it is important to understand the impact of such incentives and penalties on the willingness of stakeholders to participate. In this study, government is included as a player, alongside waste collectors and recyclers, in a tripartite evolutionary game model of plastic waste recycling. The study explores the evolutionary equilibrium and performs a simulation analysis to elucidate the effect of government incentives and penalties on the willingness of other players to participate in recycling. Three conclusions are drawn from this research. First, an increase in incentives or in penalties increases the probability that collectors and recyclers will participate in the recycling process. Second, policy support incentives encourage collectors and recyclers to participate in plastic waste recycling earlier than subsidy incentives do. Finally, recyclers are more sensitive than collectors to government-imposed penalties.

Keywords： Plastic waste     Recycle     Reuse     Government incentives     Government penalties     Evolutionary game    

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Recycled glass replacement as fine aggregate in self-compacting concrete

Yasser SHARIFI, Mahmoud HOUSHIAR, Behnam AGHEBATI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 419-428 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0224-8

Abstract: With increasing environmental pressure to reduce solid waste and to recycle as much as possible, the

Keywords： Self Compacting Concrete (SCC)     recycle glass     fine aggregate     fresh and hardened properties    

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-Cyclodextrin functionalized graphene oxide: an efficient and recyclable adsorbent for the removal of dye pollutants

Shanshan WANG, Yang LI, Xiaobin FAN, Fengbao ZHANG, Guoliang ZHANG

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 1,   Pages 77-83 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1450-x

Abstract: A novel method for the preparation of -cyclodextrin grafted graphene oxide (GO- -CD) has been developed. The GO- -CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, C NMR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The ability of GO- -CD to remove fuchsin acid from solution was also studied. The GO- -CD had an excellent adsorption capacity for fuchsin acid and could be recycled and reused. The adsorption capacities of GO- -CD for other dye pollutants such as methyl orange and methylene blue were also investigated. The absorption capacities for the three dyes are in the order: fuchsin acid>methylene blue>methyl orange.

Keywords： graphene oxide     β-cyclodextrin     adsorption capacity     recycle    

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Prevention and Control of Waste Plastics Pollution in China

Wang Qi, Qu Jinping, Shi Bi, Chen Ning, Nie Min, Yang Shuangqiao

Strategic Study of CAE 2021, Volume 23, Issue 1,   Pages 160-166 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.01.020

Abstract:

Prevention and control of waste plastics is an important component of the national strategy in China. In this study, the sources as well as the current situation and measures for recycling of waste plastics in China were comprehensively analyzed. We proposed an all-rounded tactic for the prevention and control of plastic pollution in China based on the life-cycle assessment of plastics. Technically, waste plastic pollution should be prevented and controlled throughout the entire process covering plastic synthesis, processing, utilization, and recycling; specifically, it includes reduction of waste plastics from the origin by developing new degradable raw materials and their environmentally friendly alternatives, design and processing of high-performance plastic products with extended service life, development of new technologies offering efficient and large-scale capacity for recycling waste plastics, as well as safe disposal of the ultimate plastic wastes. At the government level, policy guidance must be strengthened, and administrative supervision be implemented. At the enterprise level, an effective recycling system should be instituted to clarify recycling responsibilities of producers, sellers, and consumers, providing policy and technical suggestions for the prevention and control of waste plastics. At the public level, citizens’ environmental awareness must be aroused to promote a nationwide participation in waste management. These suggestions are favorable to a more green and sustainable development of China’s plastic industry and even national economy.

Keywords： waste plastic     environmental pollution     prevention and control     recycle     full-chain management    

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Repeated batch fermentation with water recycling and cell separation for microbial lipid production

Yumei WANG, Wei LIU, Jie BAO

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 4,   Pages 453-460 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1210-8

Abstract: Large waste water disposal was the major problem in microbial lipid fermentation because of low yield of lipid. In this study, the repeated batch fermentation was investigated for reducing waste water generated in the lipid fermentation of an oleaginous yeast CX1 strain. The waste fermentation broth was recycled in the next batch operation after the cells were separated using two different methods, centrifugation and flocculation. Two different sugar substrates, glucose and inulin, were applied to the proposed operation. The result showed that at least 70% of the waste water was reduced, while lipid production maintained satisfactory in the initial four cycles. Furthermore, it is suggested that CX1 cells might produce certain naturally occurring inulin hydrolyzing enzyme(s) for obtaining fructose and glucose from inulin directly. Our method provided a practical option for reducing the waste water generated from microbial lipid fermentation.

Keywords： batch fermentation     microbial lipid     Trichosporon cutaneum CX1     flocculation     waste water recycle    

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Field experiment on biological contact oxidation process to treat polluted river water in the Dianchi Lake watershed

Lu LI, Shuguang XIE, Hui ZHANG, Donghui WEN

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 1,   Pages 38-47 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0007-6

Abstract: study two types of biological contact oxidation processes (BCOP), a step-feed (SBCOP) unit and an inter-recycle

Keywords： step-feed biological contact oxidation process (SBCOP)     inter-recycle biological contact oxidation process    

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Managing economic and social profit of cooperative models in three-echelon reverse supply chain for waste electrical and electronic equipment

Jian Li, Zhen Wang, Bao Jiang

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 5, doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0999-2

Abstract: The results indicate that optimal total channel profit and recycle quantity in a reverse supply chainThe optimal total channel profit and recycle quantity increase with an increase in the market demandthree-echelon reverse supply chain consisting of duopolistic retailers maximizes total channel profit and recycle

Keywords： Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE)     Reverse supply chains     Recycle quantity     Social benefit    

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Novel perspective for urban water resource management:

Lijie Zhou, Hongwu Wang, Zhiqiang Zhang, Jian Zhang, Hongbin Chen, Xuejun Bi, Xiaohu Dai, Siqing Xia, Lisa Alvarez-Cohen, Bruce E. Rittmann

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 1, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1308-z

Abstract: Abstract • 5R (Recover, Reduce, Recycle, Resource and Reuse) approaches to manage urban water. • 5Rapproach for managing urban water resources: Recover (storm water), Reduce (toilet flushing water), Recycle

Keywords： 5R generation     Recover     Reduce     Recycle     Resource     Reuse    

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NICE’s Indirect Coal-to-Liquid Process for Producing Clean Transportation Fuels Using Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

Omar M. Basha,Li Weng,Zhuo-wu Men,Wayne Xu,Badie I. Morsi

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2016, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 362-376 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016049

Abstract: performance of the NICE SBCR, operating with iron and cobalt catalysts under four different tail gas recyclestrategies: (1) direct recycle; (2) using a Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) unit; (3) using a reformer

Keywords： Fischer-Tropsch synthesis     tail gas recycle     simulations     process design    

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Fundamental Problems and Development Paths for Reclamation of Waste Waterproof Membranes

Xiao Jianzhuang , Yu Caihua , Xiao Xuwen , Ding Tao , Zhang Yong

Strategic Study of CAE 2023, Volume 25, Issue 5,   Pages 210-221 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.07.029

Abstract:
 The reclamation of construction solid wastes is crucial for the high-quality development of the construction industry and it is urgent to further improve the utilization rate of the construction solid wastes to achieve the carbon peaking and carbon neutralization goals. Waste waterproof materials are an important component of the construction solid wastes; however, research on the utilization of these materials is almost blank in China. As calculated in this study, the total output of waterproof materials in China was 2.983×1010 m2 during 2005‒2021 and that of waterproof membranes was 1.89×1010 m2, indicating that waterproof membranes are the main body for waterproof material recycling. In response to the national green and low-carbon development situation, a utilization path for “reducing, reusing, and recycling” (3R) the waterproof membranes is proposed as well as a high-performance waterproof membrane research and development concept that combines waterproof membrane “genome”, multi-scale / multi-scenario analysis, and machine learning prediction. A waterproof membrane reuse mode with system disassembly as the core is clarified as well as a recycling strategy with classification, gradation, and deconstruction as the core. Moreover, the in-depth research and innovative application of fully recycled waterproof membranes and additive manufacturing technology should be promoted. The transformation of recycled waterproof membranes to products and the engineering application of these products are major challenges to be addressed in the future, which requires joint efforts of the management departments, academia, and industry.

Keywords： waste waterproof membrane     resource utilization     reduce     reuse     recycle     fully recycled waterproof membrane    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Influence of entrainer recycle for batch heteroazeotropic distillation

Laszlo Hegely, Peter Lang

Journal Article

The impact of government incentives and penalties on willingness to recycle plastic waste: An evolutionary

Zhen Wang, Jiazhen Huo, Yongrui Duan

Journal Article

Recycled glass replacement as fine aggregate in self-compacting concrete

Yasser SHARIFI, Mahmoud HOUSHIAR, Behnam AGHEBATI

Journal Article

-Cyclodextrin functionalized graphene oxide: an efficient and recyclable adsorbent for the removal of dye pollutants

Shanshan WANG, Yang LI, Xiaobin FAN, Fengbao ZHANG, Guoliang ZHANG

Journal Article

Prevention and Control of Waste Plastics Pollution in China

Wang Qi, Qu Jinping, Shi Bi, Chen Ning, Nie Min, Yang Shuangqiao

Journal Article

Repeated batch fermentation with water recycling and cell separation for microbial lipid production

Yumei WANG, Wei LIU, Jie BAO

Journal Article

Field experiment on biological contact oxidation process to treat polluted river water in the Dianchi Lake watershed

Lu LI, Shuguang XIE, Hui ZHANG, Donghui WEN

Journal Article

Managing economic and social profit of cooperative models in three-echelon reverse supply chain for waste electrical and electronic equipment

Jian Li, Zhen Wang, Bao Jiang

Journal Article

Novel perspective for urban water resource management:

Lijie Zhou, Hongwu Wang, Zhiqiang Zhang, Jian Zhang, Hongbin Chen, Xuejun Bi, Xiaohu Dai, Siqing Xia, Lisa Alvarez-Cohen, Bruce E. Rittmann

Journal Article

NICE’s Indirect Coal-to-Liquid Process for Producing Clean Transportation Fuels Using Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

Omar M. Basha,Li Weng,Zhuo-wu Men,Wayne Xu,Badie I. Morsi

Journal Article

Fundamental Problems and Development Paths for Reclamation of Waste Waterproof Membranes

Xiao Jianzhuang , Yu Caihua , Xiao Xuwen , Ding Tao , Zhang Yong

Journal Article