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Deubiquitinases as pivotal regulators of T cell functions

Xiao-Dong Yang, Shao-Cong Sun

Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4, Pages 451-462 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0651-y

Abstract: It is now well recognized that DUBs are crucial regulators of T cell responses and serve as potential

Keywords： deubiquitinase ubiquitination T cell activation T cell differentiation T cell tolerance

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Mutant DNA methylation regulators endow hematopoietic stem cells with the preleukemic stem cell property

Yuting Tan,Han Liu,Saijuan Chen

Frontiers of Medicine 2015, Volume 9, Issue 4, Pages 412-420 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0423-x

Abstract:

Genetic mutations are considered to drive the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). With the rapid progress in sequencing technologies, many newly reported genes that are recurrently mutated in AML have been found to govern the initiation and relapse of AML. These findings suggest the need to distinguish the driver mutations, especially the most primitive single mutation, from the subsequent passenger mutations. Recent research on DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) mutations provides the first proof-of-principle investigation on the identification of preleukemic stem cells (pre-LSCs) in AML patients. Although DNMT3A mutations alone may only transform hematopoietic stem cells into pre-LSCs without causing the full-blown leukemia, the function of this driver mutation appear to persist from AML initiation up to relapse. Therefore, identifying and targeting preleukemic mutations, such as DNMT3A mutations, in AML is a promising strategy for treatment and reduction of relapse risk.

Keywords： preleukemic stem cell acute myeloid leukemia relapse DNMT3A