在大型飞机装配过程中，三维轮廓扫描对于装配质量检测具有关键作用。为实现大型飞机零部件高反光曲面轮廓的扫描测量，本文提出一种兼顾精度与效率的非接触式自动化测量系统和方法。首先，以距离传感器辅助摄影测量，建立一种非接触式三维坐标复合测量系统，避免被测表面高反光对摄影测量精度的影响。同时，建立一种蕴含距离传感器一维测距信息与视觉全局转换关系的复合式坐标测量模型，高精度解算被测量点的三维坐标。其次，构建一种轮廓信息驱动的形面自动扫描方法和策略，在距离传感器有效量程内实现形面的非接触快速扫描与轮廓重建。最后，在某型号飞机平尾升降舵（尺寸约1760 mm × 460 mm）装配过程中对所提系统及方法进行现场试验与精度分析。实验表明：整个测量过程用时仅208 s，形面轮廓重建精度优于0.121 mm，因此，鉴于大型飞机装配过程中形面轮廓的高精度和高效率测量要求，所提系统及方法具有广阔应用前景。

Three-dimensional (3D) profile scanning plays a crucial role in the inspection of assembled large aircraft. In this paper, to achieve noncontact automatic measurements of the high-reflective profiles of large-scale curved parts and components, an automated noncontact system and method with high accuracy and high efficiency are presented. First, a hybrid 3D coordinate measurement system based on proximity sensors and cameras is proposed to obtain noncontact measurements while avoiding the influence of high reflection on the measurement accuracy. A hybrid measurement model that combines the one-dimensional distances measured by the proximity sensors and the 3D information obtained by cameras is proposed to determine high-accuracy 3D coordinates of the measured points. Then, a profile-driven 3D automated scanning method and strategy are designed to rapidly scan and reconstruct the profile within the effective range without scratching the profile or exceeding the measurement range of the proposed system. Finally, experiments and accuracy analyses are performed in situ on an assembled tailplane panel (approximately 1760 mm × 460 mm). The automated scanning process is completed in a timeframe of 208 s with an average error of less than 0.121 mm for profile reconstruction. Therefore, the proposed method is promising considering both the high accuracy and high efficiency requirements of profile inspections for large aircraft.