未来第六代无线网络（6G）需要依赖丰富的数据实现网络智能化和自动化。在这种情况下，考虑到数据的异构性和动态性，基于区块链的去中心化的数据管理（DM）被认为是实现跨网络域的透明数据操作的潜在解决方案之一。然而，在6G网络中，不断增加的数据量和严格的数据隐私保护需求为平衡基于区块链的去中心化数据管理的透明、效率以及隐私需求带来巨大的技术挑战。本文中，首先，我们探索区块链的共识协议和可扩展机制，并讨论区块链构架下如何管理利益相关者的角色；其次，我们探讨针对数据管理利益相关者的认证与授权需求；再次，我们归类数据管理的隐私需求，并研究基于区块链的协同数据处
理机制；随后，我们从上述三个方面探讨面向6G的基于区块链数据管理的研究问题和潜在解决方案；最后，我们对本文进行总结并讨论未来的研究方向。

The wealth of user data acts as a fuel for network intelligence toward the sixth generation wireless networks (6G). Due to data heterogeneity and dynamics, decentralized data management (DM) is desirable for achieving transparent data operations across network domains, and blockchain can be a promising solution. However, the increasing data volume and stringent data privacy-preservation requirements in 6G bring significantly technical challenge to balance transparency, efficiency, and privacy requirements in decentralized blockchain-based DM. In this paper, we propose blockchain solutions to address the challenge. First, we explore the consensus protocols and scalability mechanisms in blockchains and discuss the roles of DM stakeholders in blockchain architectures. Second, we investigate the authentication and authorization requirements for DM stakeholders. Third, we categorize DM privacy requirements and study blockchain-based mechanisms for collaborative data processing. Subsequently, we present research issues and potential solutions for blockchain-based DM toward 6G from these three perspectives. Finally, we conclude this paper and discuss future research directions.