作为新一代工业模式的工业4.0旨在提升生产灵活性，也将继续提高企业生产效率，保证更高的产品质量以及培养承担大规模定制的能力。因此，它能够使企业在短时间内生产出更高质量的产品，以应对日益个性化的产品带来的挑战。在工业4.0模式中，智能制造发挥着重要的作用。典型的资源被转换成智能实体，以便它们能够在智能环境中感知、行动和行为。为了能充分理解在在工业4.0背景下的智能制造，本文对智能制造、物联网（IoT）支持制造和云制造等相关课题进行了综合评述，在我们已有的分析基础上对其中的相似之处和不同点进行了重点探讨。在文中我们还回顾了一些用于实现智能制造的关键技术，如物联网、网络物理系统（CPS)、云计算、大数据分析（BDA）以及信息和通信技术（ICT）。之后我们将介绍全球智能制造业的发展动向，包括来自不同国家的政府战略计划以及来自欧盟、美国、日本和中国的主要跨国公司的战略计划。最后，我们提出其当前所面临的挑战和未来的研究方向。本文所讨论的概念将为实现备受期待的第四次工业革命带来新的思路。

Our next generation of industry—Industry 4.0—holds the promise of increased flexibility in manufacturing, along with mass customization, better quality, and improved productivity. It thus enables companies to cope with the challenges of producing increasingly individualized products with a short lead-time to market and higher quality. Intelligent manufacturing plays an important role in Industry 4.0. Typical resources are converted into intelligent objects so that they are able to sense, act, and behave within a smart environment. In order to fully understand intelligent manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0, this paper provides a comprehensive review of associated topics such as intelligent manufacturing, Internet of Things (IoT)- enabled manufacturing, and cloud manufacturing. Similarities and differences in these topics are highlighted based on our analysis. We also review key technologies such as the IoT, cyber-physical systems (CPSs), cloud computing, big data analytics (BDA), and information and communications technology (ICT) that are used to enable intelligent manufacturing. Next, we describe worldwide movements in intelligent manufacturing, including governmental strategic plans from different countries and strategic plans from major international companies in the European Union, United States, Japan, and China. Finally, we present current challenges and future research directions. The concepts discussed in this paper will spark new ideas in the effort to realize the much-anticipated Fourth Industrial Revolution.