蓝色能源，包括降雨、潮汐能、波浪能和水流能，是一种很有前景的可再生资源，但其开发利用受到现有技术的限制，因此利用率仍然较低。这种形式的能量主要由电磁发电机（EMG）收集，电磁发电机通过洛伦兹力驱动的电子发电。摩擦纳米发电机（TENG）和TENG网络作为蓝色能源收集的新方法，在低频和高熵能量采集方面优于EMG。TENG采用麦克斯韦位移电流机制产生电输出。迄今为止，已经进行了一系列的研究工作来优化TENG的结构和性能，以实现有效的蓝色能源收集和海洋环境应用。尽管到目前为止，TENG在这方面使用技术已经取得了巨大的进展，但在能源转换、设备耐久性、电力管理和环境应用方面仍需要持续的探索。本文报道了TENG在蓝色能源收集和海洋环境监测方面的进展，介绍了TENG的理论基础，并讨论了蓝色能源采集的先进TENG原型，包括在独立和接触分离模式中发挥作用的TENG结构。本文还总结了用于蓝色能源收集的TENG性能增强策略。最后，讨论了基于蓝色能源采集的TENG在海洋环境中的应用。

Blue energy, which includes rainfall, tidal current, wave, and water-flow energy, is a promising renewable resource, although its exploitation is limited by current technologies and thus remains low. This form of energy is mainly harvested by electromagnetic generators (EMGs), which generate electricity via Lorenz force-driven electron flows. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) and TENG networks exhibit superiority over EMGs in low-frequency and high-entropy energy harvesting as a new approach for blue energy harvesting. A TENG produces electrical outputs by adopting the mechanism of Maxwell’s displacement current. To date, a series of research efforts have been made to optimize the structure and performance of TENGs for effective blue energy harvesting and marine environmental applications. Despite the great progress that has been achieved in the use of TENGs in this context so far, continuous exploration is required in energy conversion, device durability, power management, and environmental applications. This review reports on advances in TENGs for blue energy harvesting and marine environmental monitoring. It introduces the theoretical foundations of TENGs and discusses advanced TENG prototypes for blue energy harvesting, including TENG structures that function in freestanding and contact-separation modes. Performance enhancement strategies for TENGs intended for blue energy harvesting are also summarized. Finally, marine environmental applications of TENGs based on blue energy harvesting are discussed.