可再生清洁能源高效利用和保障传统能源平稳供给是我国能源结构升级转型和能源安全的重大战略需求。深部储能是利用深部地下空间实施大规模能源储备，实现清洁能源高效利用、石油战略储备和天然气保安调峰的重要手段。盐岩地层是大规模储能的理想地质体，我国盐岩资源丰富，储能空间严重不足。与国外盐丘型盐岩相比，我国盐岩地层为典型湖相沉积的层状盐岩，具有厚度薄、杂质含量高和夹层多等特征。在这种地层中进行大规模能源储备需要解决系列关键科学和技术难题，主要包括：①低渗介质多场多相耦合条件下多尺度渐进破坏机理；②深部大型地下储能渗漏灾变机理；③深部地下储能库群的长期性能演化机理；④层状盐岩多尺度渗透性试验技术；⑤深部大型储能库群智能建造与长期功能保障技术。这些关键科学和技术难题的解决可以为我国在盐岩地层中实施大规模深部储能提供理论基础和技术保障。

Deep underground energy storage is the use of deep underground spaces for large-scale energy storage, which is an important way to provide a stable supply of clean energy, enable a strategic petroleum reserve, and promote the peak shaving of natural gas. Rock salt formations are ideal geological media for large-scale energy storage, and China is rich in salt rock resources and has a major shortage of energy storage space. Compared with the salt domes in other countries, the salt rock formations in China are typical lacustrine bedded salt rocks characterized by thin beds, high impurity content, and many interlayers. The development of large-scale energy storage in such salt formations presents scientific and technical challenges, including: ① developing a multiscale progressive failure and characterization method for the rock mass around an energy storage cavern, considering the effects of multifield and multiphase coupling; ② understanding the leakage evolution of large-scale deep underground energy storage caverns; ③ understanding the long-term performance evolution of large-scale deep underground energy storage caverns; ④ developing intelligent construction technologies for the deep underground salt caverns used for energy storage; and ⑤ ensuring the long-term function of deep underground energy storage spaces. The solution to these key scientific and technological problems lies in establishing a theoretical and technical foundation for the development of large-scale deep underground energy storage in China.