肠道菌群是调节神经系统功能紊乱的潜在靶点

工程（英文） ›› 2020, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (4) : 415 -423. DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.026

研究论文

武万强 ^a^,^b ,
孔庆敏 ^a^,^b ,
田培郡 ^a^,^b ,
翟齐啸 ^a^,^b^,^d ,
王刚 ^a^,^b^,^d ,
刘小鸣 ^a^,^b^,^d ,
赵建新 ^a^,^b^,^d ,
张灏 ^a^,^b^,^c ,
Yuan Kun Lee ^d^,^e ,
陈卫 ^a^,^b^,^c^,^f

作者信息 +

Targeting Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis: Potential Intervention Strategies for Neurological Disorders

Wanqiang Wu ^a^,^b ,
Qingmin Kong ^a^,^b ,
Peijun Tian ^a^,^b ,
Qixiao Zhai ^a^,^b^,^d ,
Gang Wang ^a^,^b^,^d ,
Xiaoming Liu ^a^,^b^,^d ,
Jianxin Zhao ^a^,^b^,^d ,
Hao Zhang ^a^,^b^,^c ,
Yuan Kun Lee ^d^,^e ,
Wei Chen ^a^,^b^,^c^,^f

Author information +

文章历史 +

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摘要

众所周知，肠道菌群在调节宿主生理功能方面具有重要作用，如调节免疫和代谢平衡。近年来，越来越多证据表明肠道菌群能够通过肠-脑轴调节中枢神经系统功能，这为研究肠道和大脑间的相互作用关系开辟了一条新路径。本文首先介绍了肠道菌群与大脑相互作用的肠–脑轴分子机制，以及肠道菌群失调引发的神经系统功能紊乱；然后介绍了调节肠道菌群失衡是干预神经系统功能紊乱的潜在策略，如益生菌、益生元、合生元以及饮食等干预措施。目前关于肠道菌群–肠–脑轴方面的研究尚处在起步阶段，但继续深入阐明肠道菌群调节神经系统功能的分子机制不仅能揭示神经系统功能紊乱的新型病理机制，而且能够为神经系统功能紊乱提供潜在的诊断标志物和干预策略。

Abstract

It is well known that the gut microbiota plays an extremely important role in modulating host physiological functions such as immunity and metabolic homeostasis. In recent years, accumulated evidence has revealed that the gut microbiota can regulate the functions of the central nervous system (CNS) through the gut–brain axis, which provides a novel insight into the interactions between the gut and brain. This review focuses on the molecular mechanism of the crosstalk between the gut microbiota and the brain via the gut–brain axis, and on the onset and development of neurological disorders triggered by gut microbiota dysbiosis. These topics are followed by a critical analysis of potential intervention strategies targeting gut microbiota dysbiosis, including the use of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and diets. While research on the microbiome–gut–brain axis is still in its relative infancy, clarifying the molecular mechanism that underlies how the gut microbiota regulates neurological functions not only holds the promise of revealing potentially novel pathogeneses of neurological disorders, but also may lead to the development of potential diagnosis biomarkers and intervention strategies targeting microbiota dysbiosis for neurological disorders.