2019-10-23 , Volume 5 Issue 5

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    Water pollution control is a systematic endeavor that emphasizes source control in order to reduce source discharge, process control in order to solve endogenous pollution, and end management in order to enhance ecological restoration, thus ultimately ensuring the availability of clean and safe water. This special issue addresses the latest research in water pollution control, in order to promote the management and technology of the water eco-environment. The cover of this issue shows the recirculation solid contact clarifier sedimentation tank of a water treatment plant, which embodies the process of water treatment.

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    Editorial
  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Editorial for the Special Issue on Water Pollution Control
    [Author(id=1201202433587077666, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965195420360939, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202433700323876, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965195420360939, authorId=1201202433587077666, language=EN, stringName=Li'an Hou, firstName=Li'an, middleName=null, lastName=Hou, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202433792598565, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965195420360939, authorId=1201202433587077666, language=CN, stringName=侯立安, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Li'an Hou

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • News & Highlights
  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    A Storm over Potential 5G Interference
    [Author(id=1201202393724412221, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964118729941900, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202393837658431, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964118729941900, authorId=1201202393724412221, language=EN, stringName=Chris Palmer, firstName=Chris, middleName=null, lastName=Palmer, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= Senior Technology Writer, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202393925738816, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964118729941900, authorId=1201202393724412221, language=CN, stringName=Chris Palmer, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= Senior Technology Writer, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Chris Palmer

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Mathematical Reasoning Challenges Artificial Intelligence
    [Author(id=1201202403887210865, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964125558268813, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202403979485554, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964125558268813, authorId=1201202403887210865, language=EN, stringName=Sean O’Neill, firstName=Sean, middleName=null, lastName=O’Neill, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202404067565939, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964125558268813, authorId=1201202403887210865, language=CN, stringName=Sean O’Neill, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Sean O’Neill

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Space Tourism Moves Closer to Lift Off
    [Author(id=1201202399067955544, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964138057294750, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202399181201754, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964138057294750, authorId=1201202399067955544, language=EN, stringName=Elizabeth K. Wilson, firstName=Elizabeth K., middleName=null, lastName=Wilson, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= Senior Technology Writer, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202399269282139, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964138057294750, authorId=1201202399067955544, language=CN, stringName=Elizabeth K. Wilson, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= Senior Technology Writer, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Elizabeth K. Wilson

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    The World’s Most Powerful Rocket
    [Author(id=1201202408773575046, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965207151829242, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202408861655431, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965207151829242, authorId=1201202408773575046, language=EN, stringName=Mitch Leslie, firstName=Mitch, middleName=null, lastName=Leslie, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202408949735816, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965207151829242, authorId=1201202408773575046, language=CN, stringName=Mitch Leslie, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Mitch Leslie

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Pushing the Data Capacity Limit with Lasers on Silicon
    [Author(id=1201202413953540511, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965203372761327, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202414070981025, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965203372761327, authorId=1201202413953540511, language=EN, stringName=Peter Weiss, firstName=Peter, middleName=null, lastName=Weiss, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= Senior Technology Writer, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202414154867106, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965203372761327, authorId=1201202413953540511, language=CN, stringName=Peter Weiss, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= Senior Technology Writer, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Peter Weiss

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Views & Comments
  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Creating Smart Waterworks to Produce Healthy Drinking Water
    [Author(id=1201202438083371564, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965190806626537, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202438205006382, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965190806626537, authorId=1201202438083371564, language=EN, stringName=Li'an Hou, firstName=Li'an, middleName=null, lastName=Hou, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202438297281071, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965190806626537, authorId=1201202438083371564, language=CN, stringName=侯立安, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Li'an Hou

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Environmental Information: Systems Paving the Path for Digitally Facilitated Water Management (Water 4.0)
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    b Applied Environmental Systems Analysis, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
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    b Applied Environmental Systems Analysis, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
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CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202450280407671, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965252458701117, authorId=1201202450074886772, language=CN, stringName=Dmitri Naumov, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Department of Environmental Informatics, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig 04318, Germany, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202450364293753, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965252458701117, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202450511094396, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965252458701117, authorId=1201202450364293753, language=EN, stringName=Zhenliang Liao, firstName=Zhenliang, middleName=null, lastName=Liao, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, e, address= UN Environment–Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development & College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
    e Sino-German Research Center for Environmental Information Science (RCEIS), Leipzig 04318, Germany, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202450599174781, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965252458701117, authorId=1201202450364293753, language=CN, stringName=Zhenliang Liao, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, e, address= UN Environment–Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development & College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
    e Sino-German Research Center for Environmental Information Science (RCEIS), Leipzig 04318, Germany, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202450687255167, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965252458701117, orderNo=7, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202450829861506, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965252458701117, authorId=1201202450687255167, language=EN, stringName=Tianxiang Yue, firstName=Tianxiang, middleName=null, lastName=Yue, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, e, address=d Department for Ecological and Environmental Informatics, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1000101, China
    e Sino-German Research Center for Environmental Information Science (RCEIS), Leipzig 04318, Germany, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202450917941891, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965252458701117, authorId=1201202450687255167, language=CN, stringName=Tianxiang Yue, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, e, address=d Department for Ecological and Environmental Informatics, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1000101, China
    e Sino-German Research Center for Environmental Information Science (RCEIS), Leipzig 04318, Germany, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Olaf Kolditz , Karsten Rink , Erik Nixdorf , Thomas Fischer , Lars Bilke , Dmitri Naumov , Zhenliang Liao , Tianxiang Yue

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Topic Insights
  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Water Pollution Control for Sustainable Development
    [Author(id=1201202478596154221, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965191221862634, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202478709400431, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965191221862634, authorId=1201202478596154221, language=EN, stringName=Ana Deletic, firstName=Ana, middleName=null, lastName=Deletic, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Pro Vice Chancellor, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202478793286512, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965191221862634, authorId=1201202478596154221, language=CN, stringName=Ana Deletic, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Pro Vice Chancellor, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202478881366898, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965191221862634, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202478994613108, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965191221862634, authorId=1201202478881366898, language=EN, stringName=Huanting Wang, firstName=Huanting, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b Director of the Monash Center for Membrane Innovation, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202479082693493, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965191221862634, authorId=1201202478881366898, language=CN, stringName=Huanting Wang, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b Director of the Monash Center for Membrane Innovation, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Ana Deletic , Huanting Wang

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Research
  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Plant Traits for Phytoremediation in the Tropics
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articleId=1159964205971465208, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202374153789586, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964205971465208, authorId=1201202374040543376, language=EN, stringName=Tze Hsien Agnes Chang, firstName=Tze Hsien Agnes, middleName=null, lastName=Chang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202374241869971, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964205971465208, authorId=1201202374040543376, language=CN, stringName=Tze Hsien Agnes 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Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202375105896610, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964205971465208, authorId=1201202374904570015, language=CN, stringName=Jiangyong Hu, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Chen Xiangting Cleo , Liling Huang , Tze Hsien Agnes Chang , Bee Lian Ong , Say Leong Ong , Jiangyong Hu

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Advanced Oxidation Process for DNAN Using UV/H2O2
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articleId=1159953005564977210, authorId=1201202149834023082, language=EN, stringName=Greg O'Connor, firstName=Greg, middleName=null, lastName=O'Connor, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b US Army RDECOM-ARDEC, Picatinny, NJ 07806, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202150031155373, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159953005564977210, authorId=1201202149834023082, language=CN, stringName=Greg O'Connor, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b US Army RDECOM-ARDEC, Picatinny, NJ 07806, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202150115041455, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159953005564977210, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202150228287665, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159953005564977210, authorId=1201202150115041455, language=EN, stringName=Xiaoguang Meng, firstName=Xiaoguang, middleName=null, lastName=Meng, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Center for Environmental Systems, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202150312173746, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159953005564977210, authorId=1201202150115041455, language=CN, stringName=孟晓光, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Center for Environmental Systems, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Hailei Su , Christos Christodoulatos , Benjamin Smolinski , Per Arienti , Greg O'Connor , Xiaoguang Meng

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Can the Grain-for-Green Program Really Ensure a Low Sediment Load on the Chinese Loess Plateau?
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    d Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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    d Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
    e Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, India, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202465832887049, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965468733793029, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202465950327563, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965468733793029, authorId=1201202465832887049, language=EN, stringName=Linjing Qiu, firstName=Linjing, middleName=null, lastName=Qiu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Department of Earth and Environmental Science, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202466038407948, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965468733793029, authorId=1201202465832887049, language=CN, stringName=邱临静, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Department of Earth and Environmental Science, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202466139071246, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965468733793029, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202466256511760, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965468733793029, authorId=1201202466139071246, language=EN, stringName=Shuguang Liu, firstName=Shuguang, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=f, address=f National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202466348786449, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965468733793029, authorId=1201202466139071246, language=CN, stringName=刘曙光, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=f, address=f National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202466436866835, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965468733793029, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202466554307349, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965468733793029, authorId=1201202466436866835, language=EN, stringName=Yanpeng Cai, firstName=Yanpeng, middleName=null, lastName=Cai, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202466642387734, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965468733793029, authorId=1201202466436866835, language=CN, stringName=蔡宴朋, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Pengcheng Sun , Yiping Wu , Zhifeng Yang , Bellie Sivakumar , Linjing Qiu , Shuguang Liu , Yanpeng Cai

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Engineering a High-Selectivity PVDF Hollow-Fiber Membrane for Cesium Removal
    [Author(id=1201202384853459189, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964264679137427, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202385004454136, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964264679137427, authorId=1201202384853459189, language=EN, stringName=Shiyuan Ding, firstName=Shiyuan, middleName=null, lastName=Ding, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=a Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
    b Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202385096728825, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964264679137427, authorId=1201202384853459189, language=CN, stringName=丁士元, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=a Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
    b Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202385189003515, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964264679137427, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202385306444029, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964264679137427, authorId=1201202385189003515, language=EN, stringName=Lilan Zhang, firstName=Lilan, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202385398718718, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964264679137427, authorId=1201202385189003515, language=CN, stringName=张利兰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202385486799104, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964264679137427, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202385612628226, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964264679137427, authorId=1201202385486799104, language=EN, stringName=Yang Li, firstName=Yang, middleName=null, lastName=Li, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, address=d State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202385700708611, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964264679137427, authorId=1201202385486799104, language=CN, stringName=李阳, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, address=d State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202385792983301, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964264679137427, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202385939783944, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964264679137427, authorId=1201202385792983301, language=EN, stringName=Hou Lian, firstName=Hou, middleName=null, lastName=Lian, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, e, address=d State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
    e Xi'an High-Tech Institute, Xi'an 710025, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202386027864329, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964264679137427, authorId=1201202385792983301, language=CN, stringName=候立安, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, e, address=d State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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    Shiyuan Ding , Lilan Zhang , Yang Li , Hou Lian

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Understanding the Removal and Fate of Selected Drugs of Abuse in Sludge and Biosolids from Australian Wastewater Treatment Operations
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    d Australian Water Quality Center, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202112437609302, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159952854519702476, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202112555049816, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159952854519702476, authorId=1201202112437609302, language=EN, stringName=Michael D. Short, firstName=Michael, middleName=null, lastName=D. Short, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, address=e Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202112643130201, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159952854519702476, authorId=1201202112437609302, language=CN, stringName=Michael D. Short, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, address=e Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Meena K. Yadav , Cobus Gerber , Christopher P. Saint , Ben Van den Akker , Michael D. Short

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Green Synthesis of Magnetic Adsorbent Using Groundwater Treatment Sludge for Tetracycline Adsorption
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correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201201898452607278, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159948003400278898, authorId=1201201898339361068, language=EN, stringName=Jiakuan Yang, firstName=Jiakuan, middleName=null, lastName=Yang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201201898540687663, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159948003400278898, authorId=1201201898339361068, language=CN, stringName=杨家宽, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201201898628768049, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159948003400278898, orderNo=7, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201201898771374388, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159948003400278898, authorId=1201201898628768049, language=EN, stringName=Dejun Bian, firstName=Dejun, middleName=null, lastName=Bian, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, c, address=a Science and Technology Innovation Center for Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Water Quality Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
    c Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201201898863649077, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159948003400278898, authorId=1201201898628768049, language=CN, stringName=边德军, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, c, address=a Science and Technology Innovation Center for Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Water Quality Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
    c Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201201898947535159, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159948003400278898, orderNo=8, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201201899069169977, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159948003400278898, authorId=1201201898947535159, language=EN, stringName=Yi Wang, firstName=Yi, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Science and Technology Innovation Center for Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Water Quality Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201201899153056058, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159948003400278898, authorId=1201201898947535159, language=CN, stringName=王艺, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Science and Technology Innovation Center for Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Water Quality Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Zhan Qu , Yaqiong Wu , Suiyi Zhu , Yang Yu , Mingxin Huo , Leilei Zhang , Jiakuan Yang , Dejun Bian , Yi Wang

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Quality Markers of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Concept, Progress, and Perspective
    [Author(id=1201202358966214684, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964125923173262, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202359087849502, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964125923173262, authorId=1201202358966214684, language=EN, stringName=Yazhuo Li, firstName=Yazhuo, middleName=null, lastName=Li, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202359180124191, tenantId=1045748351789510663, 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stringName=廖茂梁, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202360467775541, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964125923173262, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202360589410359, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964125923173262, authorId=1201202360467775541, language=EN, stringName=Changxiao Liu, firstName=Changxiao, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202360677490744, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964125923173262, authorId=1201202360467775541, language=CN, stringName=刘昌孝 a, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Yazhuo Li , Ying Xie , Yufei He , Wenbin Hou , Maoliang Liao , Changxiao Liu

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Traditional Chinese Medicine as a Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis: From Empirical Practice to Evidence-Based Therapy
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affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, c, address=a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau  University of Science and Technology,Macao, China
    b State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
    c Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Taihe Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei 442000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202343606674323, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964231661576215, authorId=1201202343346627470, language=CN, stringName=梁丽娴, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, c, address=a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau  University of Science and Technology,Macao, China
    b State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
    c Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Taihe Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei 442000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202343694754709, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964231661576215, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202343808000919, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964231661576215, authorId=1201202343694754709, language=EN, stringName=Liang Liu, firstName=Liang, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau  University of Science and Technology,Macao, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202343891887000, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159964231661576215, authorId=1201202343694754709, language=CN, stringName=刘良, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau  University of Science and Technology,Macao, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Hu-Dan Liu , Yao Xiao , Wan-Ying Wang , Ru-Tong Ren , Elaine Lai-Han Leung , Liang Liu

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    A Comparative Analysis of the Chloroplast Genomes of Four Salvia Medicinal Plants
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middleName=null, lastName=Xu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202174018380186, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159952949768151049, authorId=1201202173821247895, language=CN, stringName=徐江, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202174102266268, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159952949768151049, orderNo=13, 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suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Conglian Liang , Lei Wang , Juan Lei , Baozhong Duan , Weisi Ma , Shuiming Xiao , Haijun Qi , Zhen Wang , Yaoqi Liu , Xiaofeng Shen , Shuai Guo , Haoyu Hu , Jiang Xu , Shilin Chen

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Traditional Chinese Medicine-Based Subtyping of Early-Stage Type 2 Diabetes Using Plasma Metabolomics Combined with Ultra-Weak Photon Emission
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    f SU Biomedicine, Leiden, 2300 AM, the Netherlands
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    Min He , Mengmeng Sun , Slavik Koval , Roeland Van Wijk , Thomas Hankemeier , Jan Van der Greef , Eduard P. A. Van Wijk , Mei Wang

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Complexity at Mesoscales: A Common Challenge in Developing Artificial Intelligence
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    b School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202160701464838, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159953097369903229, authorId=1201202160466583810, language=CN, stringName=李静海, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=a State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
    b School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Li Guo , Jun Wu , Jinghai Li

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    AED-Net: An Abnormal Event Detection Network
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authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201201794161238372, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159950439053582357, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201201794266095974, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159950439053582357, authorId=1201201794161238372, language=EN, stringName=Yi Zhou, firstName=Yi, middleName=null, lastName=Zhou, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b Department of 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authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201201794555502956, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159950439053582357, authorId=1201201794425479529, language=EN, stringName=Guangcun Shan, firstName=Guangcun, middleName=null, lastName=Shan, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, c, address=a School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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    c School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronic Engineering & International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201201794710692207, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159950439053582357, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201201794811355505, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159950439053582357, authorId=1201201794710692207, language=EN, stringName=Hichem Snoussi, firstName=Hichem, middleName=null, lastName=Snoussi, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, address=d Institute Charles Delaunay-LM2S-UMR STMR 6281 CNRS, University of Technology of Troyes, Troyes 10010, France, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201201794891047282, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159950439053582357, authorId=1201201794710692207, language=CN, stringName=Hichem Snoussi, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, address=d Institute Charles Delaunay-LM2S-UMR STMR 6281 CNRS, University of Technology of Troyes, Troyes 10010, France, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Tian Wang , Zichen Miao , Yuxin Chen , Yi Zhou , Guangcun Shan , Hichem Snoussi

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Molecular Characteristics, Functions, and Related Pathogenicity of MERS-CoV Proteins
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    Yan-Hua Li , Chen-Yu Hu , Nan-Ping Wu , Hang-Ping Yao , Lan-Juan Li

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Brain Encoding and Decoding in fMRI with Bidirectional Deep Generative Models
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    b School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201201816902754880, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159948149798264899, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201201817053749828, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159948149798264899, authorId=1201201816902754880, language=EN, stringName=Huiguang He, firstName=Huiguang, middleName=null, lastName=He, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, c, address=a Research Center for Brain-Inspired Intelligence and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    b School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
    c Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201201817129247301, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159948149798264899, authorId=1201201816902754880, language=CN, stringName=何晖光, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, c, address=a Research Center for Brain-Inspired Intelligence and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    b School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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    Changde Du , Jinpeng Li , Lijie Huang , Huiguang He

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Thermal Management of Vehicle Cabins, External Surfaces, and Onboard Electronics: An Overview
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Mahony, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201201828369982138, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159947614181450295, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201201828495811260, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159947614181450295, authorId=1201201828369982138, language=EN, stringName=Matthew J. Rhodes, firstName=Matthew, middleName=null, lastName=J. Rhodes, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201201828583891645, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159947614181450295, authorId=1201201828369982138, language=CN, stringName=Matthew J. Rhodes, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201201828676166335, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159947614181450295, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201201828793606849, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159947614181450295, authorId=1201201828676166335, language=EN, stringName=Steve R. Daniewicz, firstName=Steve, middleName=null, lastName=R. Daniewicz, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201201828881687234, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159947614181450295, authorId=1201201828676166335, language=CN, stringName=Steve R. Daniewicz, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201201828978156228, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159947614181450295, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201201829099791046, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159947614181450295, authorId=1201201828978156228, language=EN, stringName=Nicholas Tsolas, firstName=Nicholas, middleName=null, lastName=Tsolas, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201201829192065735, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159947614181450295, authorId=1201201828978156228, language=CN, stringName=Nicholas Tsolas, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201201829284340425, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159947614181450295, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201201829405975243, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159947614181450295, authorId=1201201829284340425, language=EN, stringName=Scott M. Thompson, firstName=Scott, middleName=null, lastName=M. Thompson, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201201829502444236, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159947614181450295, authorId=1201201829284340425, language=CN, stringName=Scott M. Thompson, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Garrett J. Marshall , Colin P. Mahony , Matthew J. Rhodes , Steve R. Daniewicz , Nicholas Tsolas , Scott M. Thompson

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Enhanced Biogas Production from the Anaerobic Batch Treatment of Banana Peels
    [Author(id=1201202423562691017, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965359077908933, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202423684325835, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965359077908933, authorId=1201202423562691017, language=EN, stringName=Spyridon Achinas, firstName=Spyridon, middleName=null, lastName=Achinas, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, the Netherlands, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202423772406220, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965359077908933, authorId=1201202423562691017, language=CN, stringName=Spyridon Achinas, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, the Netherlands, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202423868875214, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965359077908933, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202423986315728, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965359077908933, authorId=1201202423868875214, language=EN, stringName=Janneke Krooneman, firstName=Janneke, middleName=null, lastName=Krooneman, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, the Netherlands, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202424078590417, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965359077908933, authorId=1201202423868875214, language=CN, stringName=Janneke Krooneman, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, the Netherlands, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1201202424166670803, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965359077908933, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1201202424284111317, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965359077908933, authorId=1201202424166670803, language=EN, stringName=Gerrit Jan Willem Euverink, firstName=Gerrit Jan Willem, middleName=null, lastName=Euverink, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, the Netherlands, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1201202424380580310, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159965359077908933, authorId=1201202424166670803, language=CN, stringName=Gerrit Jan Willem Euverink, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address= Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, the Netherlands, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Spyridon Achinas , Janneke Krooneman , Gerrit Jan Willem Euverink

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
    Corrigendum to ‘‘A High-Efficiency Two-Stroke Engine Concept: The Boosted Uniflow Scavenged Direct-Injection Gasoline (BUSDIG) Engine with Air Hybrid Operation” [Engineering 5 (2019) 535–547]
    []

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.