高标准农田建设是保障国家粮食安全的战略工程，是打造更高水平国家粮仓的重要支撑。近年来，我国高标准农田规模快速增加，农田基础设施配套水平大幅提升，粮食增产稳产、节水增效、抗灾减灾等成效突出；但是受建设任务重、区域差异大和单位面积投资不足等因素影响，建设质量问题形势严峻，规划设计简单化、工程验收形式化、后期管护不到位等现象突出，亟需完善高标准农田体制机制，强化从建设、验收到管护的全过程监管。本文通过梳理我国高标准农田制度框架和典型地方实践经验，辨识提出了当前迫切需要解决的规划盲目选址、前期准备和设计可行性论证不足、建后管护机制不健全、工程技术人才支撑乏力、法治保障缺失等关键问题，分析认为应立足全局、统筹协调加快高标准农田体制机制建设，构建高效、可持续的建设体系。建议围绕打造新时代更高水平生态型国家粮仓，规划统筹水土资源禀赋和建设布局；建立健全从前期论证、竞争入库到“第三方评估+交叉核验”的全流程项目管理规范；建立政府主导、多方投入的专业化网格管护体系，设立中央与地方分担的专项管护资金；培养专门工程技术人才，构建多层次技术服务体系；推动《高标准农田建设条例》立法，为强化部门协同和责任落实提供法治保障。

The construction of well-facilitated farmland is crucial for ensuring national food security and building a higher-level national granary. In recent years, the scale of well-facilitated farmland in China has rapidly increased, the supporting level of farmland infrastructure has significantly improved, and remarkable results have been achieved in increasing grain production and stability, conserving water to increase efficiency, and preventing and reducing disasters. However, affected by factors such as heavy construction tasks, significant regional differences, and insufficient investment per unit area, the quality of construction faces severe challenges. Problems such as simplified planning and design, formalized project acceptance, and inadequate post-construction management are prominent, necessitating the improvement in institutional mechanisms for well-facilitated farmland and the strengthening of whole-process supervision from construction and acceptance to management and maintenance. This study summarizes the institutional framework and local practical experiences of well-facilitated farmland in China. Based on typical surveys in different regions, it identifies key problems such as blind site selection in planning, insufficient preliminary preparation and feasibility studies for design, imperfect post-construction management mechanisms, a lack of engineering and technical talent support, and absence of legal safeguards. It is urgently necessary to accelerate the construction of institutional mechanisms for well-facilitated farmland from a holistic perspective and build an efficient and sustainable construction system. To this end, we propose the following countermeasures: (1) building a higher-level ecological national granary in the new era by comprehensively planning water and soil resource endowments and construction layout; (2) formulating full-process project management standards for preliminary demonstration, competitive entry into the project pool, third-party evaluation, and cross-verification; (3) establishing a government-led, multi-party invested professional grid management and maintenance system by setting up special management and maintenance funds shared by the central and local governments; (4) cultivating specialized engineering and technical personnel to build a multi-level technical service system; and (5) promoting the legislation of Regulations on Well-Facilitated Farmland Construction to provide legal safeguards for strengthening departmental coordination and responsibility implementation.