生活垃圾处理处置领域是全球温室气体排放的重要来源。有效管理和减少生活垃圾处理过程中的温室气体排放，是实现可持续发展目标的紧迫任务之一。生活垃圾处理处置技术，如填埋、焚烧、好氧堆肥、厌氧消化等，均不同程度地产生温室气体，对气候变化的贡献显著。本文梳理了生活垃圾处理处置领域温室气体排放的研究进展，从垃圾处理技术与垃圾处理系统两个维度出发，分别总结现有的温室气体排放核算研究成果，分析了该领域面临的挑战：当前核算研究在基础数据获取、核算边界设定、方法体系规范性及时空分辨能力等方面仍存在显著不足，导致不同研究结果之间可比性差、适用性有限。针对上述问题，提出未来研究可从以下方面着力：加强垃圾特性与技术参数等基础数据建设，推进温室气体排放核算体系的标准化，增强排放核算的时空分辨能力，以及促进核算成果向系统优化及政策制定的有效转化。本研究可为生活垃圾处理处置领域温室气体排放的精准核算、体系标准化及减排管理决策提供理论方法学支撑与科学决策基础，助力“双碳”目标下垃圾行业的低碳化转型。

The domestic waste treatment sector is a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and mitigating GHG emissions from this sector is urgent for achieving sustainable development. Conventional domestic waste treatment technologies, including landfilling, incineration, aerobic composting, and anaerobic digestion, generate GHGs to varying degrees, exerting a significant impact on climate change. This study reviews the current research status on GHG emissions within the domestic waste treatment sector from two key perspectives: treatment technologies and systems. It summarizes GHG emission accounting research results and identifies major challenges, including insufficient data acquisition, unclear accounting boundaries, lack of methodological consistency, and limited spatiotemporal resolution, which result in low comparability and restricted applicability among different research outcomes. To address these issues, this study proposes future research directions: strengthening the collection of basic data on waste characteristics and process parameters, promoting the standardization of GHG emission accounting frameworks, enhancing the spatiotemporal resolution of GHG emission accounting, and improving the integration of accounting results into system optimization and policy-making. This study provides theoretical and methodological support as well as a scientific decision-making foundation for the precise accounting of GHG emissions, standardization of accounting systems, and GHG reduction management within the domestic waste treatment sector, and contributes to the low-carbon transformation of the waste treatment sector.