我国农业微生物种质资源保护利用发展思考
谷医林 , 张晓霞 , 魏海雷 , 阮志勇 , 顾金刚 , 李世贵 , 罗会颖 , 姚斌
中国工程科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5) : 180 -189.
我国农业微生物种质资源保护利用发展思考
Protection and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Germplasm Resources in China
农业微生物种质资源涉及农业生产的各个环节,是保障粮食安全、推动科技创新、促进农业高质量发展的重要基础,明确利用现状、查找发展问题、认清相对差距、厘清发展方向成为亟需。本文从农业微生物种质资源保护利用体系、农业科技创新、资源开发利用成效等方面出发,系统梳理了国际和国内农业微生物种质资源保护利用的现状;在对比分析国际发展趋势的基础上认为,我国农业微生物资源在资源储备、保藏设施、开发利用、产业支撑等方面处于快速发展阶段,但相较国际资源强国而言面临设施条件落后、家底不清、精准鉴定评价滞后、核心种源不足等挑战。为此建议,强化顶层设计、全面布局全国农业微生物种质保护利用工作,加强基础设施、谋划资源保藏能力整体提升工程,重视原始创新、构建农业微生物资源挖掘协同攻关模式,面向需求牵引、重点支持农业微生物产业发展,以精准推动我国农业微生物种质资源保护利用,实现农业高质量发展。
Agricultural microbial germplasm resources are involved in all aspects of agricultural production and are crucial for ensuring food security, facilitating scientific and technological innovation, and promoting high-quality development of agriculture. Therefore, it is urgently needed to clarify the current status of the protection and utilization, identify existing problems and deficiencies, recognize the gap with resource-powerful countries, and clarify the key development directions of agricultural microbial germplasm resources in China. This study reviews the current situation of protection and utilization of agricultural microbial germplasm resources in China and abroad from the aspects of the protection and utilization system, agricultural scientific and technological innovation, and effectiveness of development and utilization. By comparing and analyzing international development trends, we reveal that China's agricultural microbial resources are currently in a stage of rapid development in terms of resource reserves, preservation facilities, utilization, and industrial support. However, compared with resource-powerful countries, China still faces significant challenges including poor infrastructure conditions, unclear inventory of resources, lagging precise identification and evaluation, and insufficient core germplasm. To address this, it is proposed to strengthen top-level design to make overall arrangement for the protection and utilization of agricultural microbial germplasm, enhance infrastructure construction by planning a project for improving resource preservation capacities, emphasize original innovation to establish a collaborative research model for the exploration of agricultural microbial resources, focus on demand-driven efforts to provide key support for the development of the agricultural microbial industry. These efforts aim to promote the protection and utilization of agricultural microbial germplasm resources in China and achieve high-quality agricultural development.
农业微生物 / 种质资源 / 收集保护 / 鉴定评价 / 开发利用
agricultural microorganism / germplasm resources / collection and protection / identification and evaluation / development and utilization
| [1] |
刘旭. 中国生物种质资源科学报告(第三版) [M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2022. |
| [2] |
Liu X. The science report on biological germplasm resources in China (third edition) [M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2022. |
| [3] |
章家恩. 中国农业生物多样性及其保护 [J]. 农村生态环境, 1999 (2): 37‒41. |
| [4] |
Zhang J E. Agricultural biodiversity and its protection in China [J]. Rural Eco-Environment, 1999 (2): 37‒41. |
| [5] |
廖美哲, 张宗文, 白可喻. 中国农业生态系统多样性保护研究现状与展望 [J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(7): 166‒181. |
| [6] |
Liao M Z, Zhang Z W, Bai K Y. Situation and prospects of biodiversity of agricultural ecosystem conservation and utilization in China [J]. Biodiversity Science, 2023, 31(7): 166‒181. |
| [7] |
陆建中, 林敏, 邱德文. 我国农业微生物产业发展战略与对策 [J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2007, 9(4): 22‒25. |
| [8] |
Lu J Z, Lin M, Qiu D W. Development strategy and counter measures for agricultural microorganism industry in China [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2007, 9(4): 22‒25. |
| [9] |
李俊, 沈德龙, 林先贵. 农业微生物研究与产业化进展 [M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2011. |
| [10] |
Li J, Shen D L, Lin X G. Advances in agricultural microbiology research and industrialization [M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2011. |
| [11] |
王天亮, 王书瑞. 黑龙江省农业微生物发展现状与对策分析 [J]. 黑龙江科学, 2021, 12(20): 142‒143. |
| [12] |
Wang T L, Wang S R. Analysis of development status and countermeasures of agricultural microorganisms in Heilongjiang province [J]. Heilongjiang Science, 2021, 12(20): 142‒143. |
| [13] |
Kothamasi D, Spurlock M, Kiers E T. Agricultural microbial resources: Private property or global commons? [J]. Nature Biotechnology, 2011, 29(12): 1091‒1093. |
| [14] |
朱将伟. 微生物及其相关技术在农业领域的应用探讨 [J]. 绿色科技, 2020, 22(24): 231‒232. |
| [15] |
Zhu J W. Discussion on the application of microorganism and its related technology in agricultural field [J]. Journal of Green Science and Technology, 2020, 22(24): 231‒232. |
| [16] |
Moreno-Espíndola I P, Gutiérrez-Navarro A, Franco-Vásquez D C, et al. Reflections on microbial genetic resources in agricultural systems [J]. Current Research in Microbial Sciences, 2025, 8: 100337. |
| [17] |
Zelaya-Molina L X, Chávez-Díaz I F, Ramos-Garza J, et al. Agriculture assisted by microbial genetic resources: Current and future scenarios [J]. Current Research in Microbial Sciences, 2024, 6: 100222. |
| [18] |
郑重, 马常宝, 王亚男, 功能型肥料的发展与展望 [J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2025, 33(12): 1‒11. |
| [19] |
Zheng Z, Ma C B, Wang Y N, et al. Development and prospect for functional fertilizers [J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2025, 33(12): 1‒11. |
| [20] |
Naughton P J, Marchant R, Naughton V, et al. Microbial biosurfactants: Current trends and applications in agricultural and biomedical industries [J]. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2019, 127(1): 12‒28. |
| [21] |
王芷瑶, 钟玉君, 王永峰, 植物有益微生物组的生态功能及其在可持续农业中的应用前景 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(5): 1553‒1566. |
| [22] |
Wang Z Y, Zhong Y J, Wang Y F, et al. Ecological functions of plant-beneficial microbiomes and their application prospects in sustainable agriculture [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(5): 1553‒1566. |
| [23] |
Ablimit R, Li W K, Zhang J D, et al. Altering microbial community for improving soil properties and agricultural sustainability during a 10-year maize-green manure intercropping in Northwest China [J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2022, 321: 115859. |
| [24] |
Rabetafika H N, Razafindralambo A, Ebenso B, et al. Probiotics as antibiotic alternatives for human and animal applications [J]. Encyclopedia, 2023, 3(2): 561‒581. |
| [25] |
Anand U, Vaishnav A, Sharma S K, et al. Current advances and research prospects for agricultural and industrial uses of microbial strains available in world collections [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 842: 156641. |
| [26] |
Gilbert J A, Meyer F, Antonopoulos D, et al. Meeting report: The terabase metagenomics workshop and the vision of an earth microbiome project [J]. Standards in Genomic Sciences, 2010, 3(3): 243‒248. |
| [27] |
Gilbert J A, Jansson J K, Knight R. The earth microbiome project: Successes and aspirations [J]. BMC Biology, 2014, 12: 69. |
| [28] |
McKinsey Global Institute. The bio revolution: Innovations transforming economies, societies, and our lives [EB/OL]. [2025-05-08]. https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/life%20sciences/our%20insights/the%20bio%20revolution%20innovations%20transforming%20economies%20societies%20and%20our%20lives/may_2020_mgi_bio_revolution_report.pdf. |
| [29] |
Grand View Research. Microbial fermentation technology market size, share & trends analysis report by application (antibiotics, vaccines), by end-user (biopharmaceutical companies), by region, and segment forecasts, 2023—2030 [EB/OL]. [2025-03-09]. https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/microbial-fermentation-technology-market-report. |
| [30] |
Analyst View Market Insights. Agriculture beneficial microbes market, by type, by crop type, by formulation, by country, and by region—Industry analysis, market size, market share & forecast from 2024—2032 [EB/OL]. [2025-04-17]. https://www.giiresearch.com/report/anvi1464675-agriculture-beneficial-microbes-market-by-type-by.html. |
| [31] |
Witte B, Obloj P, Koktenturk S, et al. Food for thought: The protein transformation [EB/OL]. [2025-03-24]. https://web-assets.bcg.com/a0/28/4295860343c6a2a5b9f4e3436114/bcg-food-for-thought-the-protein-transformation-mar-2021.pdf. |
| [32] |
周杨, 邓名荣, 杜娟, 我国农业微生物产业发展研究 [J]. 中国工程科学, 2022, 24(5): 197‒206. |
| [33] |
Zhou Y, Deng M R, Du J, et al. Development of agricultural microbial industry in China [J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2022, 24(5): 197‒206. |
| [34] |
Zeng Y, Guo L, Gao Y Q, et al. Formation of NifA-PII complex represses ammonium-sensitive nitrogen fixation in diazotrophic proteobacteria lacking NifL [J]. Cell Reports, 2024, 43(7): 114476. |
| [35] |
Wang D P, Jin R, Shi X B, et al. A kinase mediator of rhizobial symbiosis and immunity in Medicago [J]. Nature, 2025, 643(8072): 768‒775. |
| [36] |
Zhou Z, Zhang C J, Liu P F, et al. Non-syntrophic methanogenic hydrocarbon degradation by an archaeal species [J]. Nature, 2022, 601(7892): 257‒262. |
| [37] |
Huang Y, Igarashi K, Liu L Y, et al. Methanol transfer supports metabolic syntrophy between bacteria and Archaea [J]. Nature, 2025, 639(8053): 190‒195. |
| [38] |
Gu Y L, Li J Z, Li Y, et al. Pseudomonas cyclic lipopeptide medpeptin: Biosynthesis and modulation of plant immunity [J]. Engineering, 2023, 28: 153‒165. |
| [39] |
Chen J, Zhao Y X, Luo X J, et al. NLR surveillance of pathogen interference with hormone receptors induces immunity [J]. Nature, 2023, 613(7942): 145‒152. |
| [40] |
Liu X Y, Matsumoto H, Lv T X, et al. Phyllosphere microbiome induces host metabolic defence against rice false-smut disease [J]. Nature Microbiology, 2023, 8(8): 1419‒1433. |
| [41] |
Hu J, Chen J W, Ma L B, et al. Characterizing core microbiota and regulatory functions of the pig gut microbiome [J]. The ISME Journal, 2024, 18(1): wrad037. |
| [42] |
Yang H, Wu J Y, Huang X C, et al. ABO genotype alters the gut microbiota by regulating GalNAc levels in pigs [J]. Nature, 2022, 606(7913): 358‒367. |
| [43] |
Cai T, Sun H B, Qiao J, et al. Cell-free chemoenzymatic starch synthesis from carbon dioxide [J]. Science, 2021, 373(6562): 1523‒1527. |
| [44] |
Xu X X, Zhang W, You C, et al. Biosynthesis of artificial starch and microbial protein from agricultural residue [J]. Science Bulletin, 2023, 68(2): 214‒223. |
| [45] |
Liang J G, Sun Y, Yang Y C, et al. Agricultural biotechnology in China: Product development, commercialization, and perspectives [J]. aBIOTECH, 2025, 6(2): 284‒310. |
| [46] |
农业农村部微生物肥料和食用菌菌种质量监督检验测试中心. 登记产品 [EB/OL]. [2025-06-22]. http://www.biofertilizer95.cn/wsw_djcp/index.htm. |
| [47] |
Center for Quality Supervision and Test for Microbial Fertilizers and Mushroom Spawn, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Register products [EB/OL]. [2025-06-22]. http://www.biofertilizer95.cn/wsw_djcp/index.htm. |
| [48] |
宋和平, 武丽辉, 田磊, 2024年我国农药登记情况及特点分析 [J]. 农药科学与管理, 2025, 46(4): 16‒19. |
| [49] |
Song H P, Wu L H, Tian L, et al. Analysis of the situation and characteristics of pesticide registration in China in 2024 [J]. Pesticide Science and Administration, 2025, 46(4): 16‒19. |
| [50] |
毕心宇, 吕雪芹, 刘龙, 我国微生物制造产业的发展现状与展望 [J]. 中国工程科学, 2021, 23(5): 59‒68. |
| [51] |
Bi X Y, Lyu X Q, Liu L, et al. Development status and prospects of microbial manufacturing industry in China [J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2021, 23(5): 59‒68. |
| [52] |
中国食用菌协会. 2023年度全国食用菌统计调查结果分析 [J]. 中国食用菌, 2025, 44(1): 120‒129. |
| [53] |
China Edible Fungi Association. Analysis of the 2023 national statistical survey results on edible fungi [J]. Edible Fungi of China, 2025, 44(1): 120‒129. |
| [54] |
Kim Y, Cheong H M, Choi G, et al. Strengthening the Korean network of microbial culture collections in the microbiome era [J]. Mycobiology, 2024, 52(4): 207‒213. |
| [55] |
Solden L, Lloyd K, Wrighton K. The bright side of microbial dark matter: Lessons learned from the uncultivated majority [J]. Current Opinion in Microbiology, 2016, 31: 217‒226. |
| [56] |
Zabel F, Delzeit R, Schneider J M, et al. Global impacts of future cropland expansion and intensification on agricultural markets and biodiversity [J]. Nature Communications, 2019, 10: 2844. |
| [57] |
王洁, 谭浩, 阮志勇, 基于文献统计学的我国新疆特殊环境微生物新种资源挖掘概况及展望 [J]. 微生物学通报, 2023, 50(2): 857‒873. |
| [58] |
Wang J, Tan H, Ruan Z Y, et al. Overview and prospect of newly discovered microbial resources in the special environments of Xinjiang in China based on bibliometrics [J]. Microbiology China, 2023, 50(2): 857‒873. |
| [59] |
杜娟, 马连营, 马爱进, 我国微生物产业发展战略研究 [J]. 中国工程科学, 2021, 23(5): 51‒58. |
| [60] |
Du J, Ma L Y, Ma A J, et al. Development strategy of microbial industry in China [J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2021, 23(5): 51‒58. |
| [61] |
刘柳, 吴林寰, 马俊才, 全球专利微生物菌种近20年的保藏与发放情况分析 [J]. 微生物学报, 2021, 61(12): 3836‒3843. |
| [62] |
Liu L, Wu L H, Ma J C, et al. Analysis of the deposits and samples of global patent microorganisms in the past 20 years [J]. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2021, 61(12): 3836‒3843. |
| [63] |
Emerson D, Wilson W. Giving microbial diversity a home [J]. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2009, 7(11): 758. |
中国工程院咨询项目“种质资源安全战略研究”(2023-JB-02)
国家自然科学基金项目(31970007)
国家自然科学基金项目(31901932)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |