南方丘陵山区是我国重要的农业生产区域，受制于地形破碎、生态脆弱、劳动力外流等现实问题，传统农业模式面临效率低下与可持续发展挑战。本文深入探讨了南方丘陵山区农机农艺融合发展的内在需求与应用实践，重点阐述了相应的关键技术、推进路径、未来发展方向，以为区域农业现代化提供系统性解决方案。在技术层面，构建了以“地 ‒ 机 ‒ 艺”三维协同适配技术系统为核心支撑，区域差异化的装备配置与技术谱系为实施路径，保障服务需求与适度规模经营的智能耦合为发展目标，绿色化、信息化、适老化集成应用为创新引领的技术体系。在推进路径方面，建议强化顶层方案设计、提升科技创新能力、立足示范开展推广应用、提供支撑保障体系，协同推动南方丘陵山区农机农艺融合发展。面向未来，围绕系统化集成与低空经济融合、数智化的农机农艺融合发展新支撑、定制化的农机农艺租赁新模式、“绿智化”的农机农艺融合发展目标等主要发展方向开展深化研究和务实应用，扎实提升南方丘陵山区农机农艺融合发展水平。

The hilly and mountainous regions of southern China are important agricultural production regions. However, the traditional agricultural model faces challenges such as low efficiency and sustainable development owing to terrain fragmentation, ecological vulnerability, and labor outflow. This study explores the intrinsic needs and application practices of integrating agricultural machinery and agronomic practices in these regions. It focuses on analyzing key technologies and promotion pathways for the integrated development of agricultural machinery and agronomy, and proposes future development directions to provide systematic solutions for regional agricultural modernization. At the technical level, the study constructs a technology system centered on the coordination and adaptation of "land‒machinery‒agronomy". This system is implemented through differentiated equipment configurations and technological lineages, with the goal of intelligently coupling service demand and enabling appropriately scaled operations. It is driven by the integrated application of green, information-based, and aging-friendly technologies. In terms of promoting pathways, this study proposes to strengthen top-level design, enhance scientific and technological innovation capabilities, expand demonstration and application efforts, and innovate support and guarantee mechanisms. These measures are intended to collectively advance the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy in the hilly and mountainous regions of southern China. The study suggests that future development will evolve toward multiple dimensions, including the convergence of systematic integration with the low-altitude economy, digital and intelligent transformation, customized leasing models, and green and smart agricultural development.