基于“自然 ‒ 工程 ‒ 管理”三元耦合的智慧水利体系框架
Framework of Smart Water Conservancy System Based on Nature ‒ Engineering ‒ Management Ternary Coupling
智慧水利是传统水利工程与新兴智能技术交叉融合的产物,以“天空地水工”感知数据为基础并通过数智技术与机理模型的耦合,推动国家水治理体系的安全发展和高效运行。本文辨析了我国智慧水利的概念演进与阶段特征,识别了当前面临的三重结构性约束;立足“自然 ‒ 社会”二元水循环的认知框架,解构了工程设施与管理行为的功能逻辑,进而构建了基于“自然 ‒ 工程 ‒ 管理”三元耦合的智慧水利体系框架。在该框架下,明确了自然系统随机演化(输入)、工程系统时空调度水动力重构(执行)、管理系统多目标寻优(控制)的互馈机制,形成了包含“治水(安全)、利水(资源)、活水(生态)、善水(社会)”四维价值的目标函数,提出了覆盖“要素映射、机理预演、鲁棒优化、闭环智控、价值共生”的五级成熟度演进模型。从理论、方法、路径三个维度出发完善我国智慧水利体系框架,有助于解决当前智慧水利建设中的多目标动态协同失效、社会博弈量化不足等理论难题,支撑构建安全、高效、绿色、智能的国家水网体系。
Smart water conservancy is the product of integrating of traditional hydraulic engineering with emerging intelligent technologies. It leverages sensing data from "space, air, ground, water, and engineering" systems and couples intelligent methods with mechanistic models to support the safe development and efficient operation of the national water governance system. This study examines the conceptual evolution and stage-specific characteristics of smart water conservancy in China and identifies three structural constraints to its development. Building on the traditional nature‒society dualistic cognitive framework of the water cycle, the study deconstructs the functional logic of engineering facilities and management practices to develop a smart water conservancy system framework based on "nature‒engineering‒management" ternary coupling. Within this framework, a reciprocal feedback mechanism among the stochastic evolution of natural systems (input), spatiotemporal scheduling and hydrodynamic reconstruction of engineering systems (execution), and multi-objective optimization of management systems (control) is clarified. Furthermore, it proposes a four-dimensional value objective function encompassing water safety, resource utilization, ecological sustainability, and social benefits. On this basis, a five-level maturity evolution model is developed, encompassing element mapping, mechanistic simulation, robust optimization, closed-loop intelligent control, and value symbiosis. It is also proposed to improve the system framework for smart water conservancy in China from three dimensions: theory, methodology, and pathway, which aims to help address key theoretical challenges including deficiencies in the dynamic coordination of multiple objectives and the insufficient quantification of stakeholder game dynamics, thereby supporting the construction of a safe, efficient, green, and intelligent national water network system.
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中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(CXTD202403)
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