The Jiziwan region in the Yellow River basin serves as the economic center of Northwest China, a crucial national energy base, and the primary zone for desertification control. However, severe water security constraints hinder regional development. Assessing water security risks and proposing targeted strategies in the Jiziwan region is significant for supporting ecological conservation and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin. This study analyzes water security challenges facing the Jiziwan region, reviews the current status of regional water network projects and the benefits of building an integrated water network, and proposes an integrated water network framework including its overall configuration, route layout, and required water transfer scale. Key findings indicate: (1) Water security issues in the Jiziwan region are primarily manifested in three aspects: acute water supply-demand imbalance, degraded aquatic ecosystem, and insufficient flood control capabilities; (2) Despite numerous planned water diversion projects, their effectiveness and efficiency remain suboptimal due to construction methods; (3) The Tao River water diversion scheme under the Western Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project could be used to establish a gravity-flow integrated water network, resolving critical issues in existing systems, such as high water abstraction cost, operational maintenance difficulties, and weak synergistic complementarity. Based on these findings, recommendations are proposed to enhance water security in three key areas: (1) strengthening water resource management through implementing total quantity control, promoting water conservation, and optimizing water allocation; (2) improving the Jiziwan water network framework with priority given to the Western Route project; (3) advancing ecological restoration by leveraging water network infrastructure.