Currently, global climate change is intensifying, extreme natural disasters occur frequently, and the corresponding impacts exhibit characteristics of cross-domain and cross-regional systemic risks, posing new and significant challenges to urban safety governance. Therefore, it is urgently needed to assess the current status and development trends of systemic risk prevention and control and safety resilience construction in cities of China, and to construct a future-oriented technological development framework. The study analyzes major challenges regarding resilient urban governance in China from four dimensions: management decision-making, grassroots implementation, social collaboration, and critical regions. Moreover, it reviews the current theoretical research on urban safety resilience and the progress of technology application in China, and then clarifies the key areas for technological breakthroughs. A decision-making model that integrates emergency management and business continuity management is also proposed, supporting the construction of a resilient technology path that involves three dimensions: perception, cognition, and decision-making. Furthermore, the study proposes the leading directions for promoting the construction of resilient cities in China: application of artificial intelligence and unmanned equipment, development driven by digital twin, sustainable development promotion, integration of technology and management, and cross-disciplinary collaborative innovation. These directions are expected to provide a theoretical basis and technical guidance for enhancing disaster prevention and control capabilities, strengthening system resilience, and ensuring safe operation of cities.