摘要
The syntheses of carbon dioxide (CO) based industrially important chemicals have gained considerable interest in view of the sustainable chemistry and “green chemistry” concepts. In this review, recent developments in the chemical fixation of CO to valuable chemicals are discussed. The synthesis of five-member cyclic carbonates , cycloaddition of CO to epoxides is one of the promising reactions replacing the existing poisonous phosgene-based synthetic route. This review focuses on the synthesis of cyclic carbonates, vinyl carbamates, and quinazoline-2,4(1,3)-diones reaction of CO and epoxide, amines/phenyl acetylene, 2-aminobenzinitrile and other chemicals. Direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate, 1,3-disubstituted urea and 2-oxazolidinones/2-imidazolidinones have limitations at present because of the reaction equilibrium and chemical inertness of CO. The preferred alternatives for their synthesis like transesterification of ethylene carbonate with methanol, transamination of ethylene carbonate with primary amine and transamination reaction of ethylene carbonate with diamines/-aminoalcohols are discussed. These methodologies offer marked improvements for greener chemical fixation of CO in to industrially important chemicals.
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