美国高温气冷堆现状

2016年第2卷第1期

摘要

关键词

图片

参考文献

相关研究

回顶部

《工程（英文）》 >> 2016年第2卷第1期 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.01.026

美国高温气冷堆现状

Kadak Associates, Inc., Port St. Lucie, FL 34952, USA

收稿日期： 2015-11-03 修回日期： 2017-03-03 录用日期： 2017-03-08 发布日期： 2016-03-31

HTML140 PDF 94 收藏 0

摘要

2005 年，美国国会通过了《2005年能源政策法案》，该法案授权在2021年之前建造和运行一个高温气冷堆(HTGR)。在美国国内专家对未来核技术发展方向进行了多年的研究后，该法案才得以通过。作为该法案的结果，美国国会设立了名为“下一代核电站”的项目，这是一种为制氢提供工艺用热的HTGR。尽管HTGR被寄予了很高的期望，但其现状仅限于完成关于先进燃料、石墨和其他材料的研究计划，并不是如国会在2005年提出的建造一个示范电站。HTGR 发展目标降低背后有许多原因，包括：用于研究的政府资金不足，对反应堆不切实际的高温要求，对“氢”经济需求的延迟，来自轻水冷却的小型模块反应堆的竞争，业主公司对新技术的兴趣较低，美国天然气价格过低，以及美国对非水冷反应堆许可证申请的具有挑战性的流程等。

关键词

高温气冷堆 ; 下一代核电站 ; 许可证申请 ; (美国) 核管理委员会 ; 《2005年能源政策法案》 ; 研究现状

图片

图1

图2

图3

图4

参考文献

[ 1 ] US DOE Nuclear Energy Research Advisory Committee, Generation IV International Forum. A technology roadmap for Generation IV nuclear energy systems. USA: US DOE Nuclear Energy Research Advisory Committee, Generation IV International Forum; 2002. Report No.: GIF-002-00.

[ 2 ] Energy Policy Act of 2005, Pub. L. No. 109−58, 119 Stat. 595 (Aug8, 2005).

[ 3 ] Bredimas A. Status of the NGNP Industrial Alliance work and the business plan economics. In: IAEA Technical Meeting on the Economic Analysis of High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactors and Small and Medium Sized Reactors; 2015Aug25−28; Vienna, Austria; 2015.

[ 4 ] Nuclear Energy Advisory Council Letter to Dr. Steven Chu. 2011Jun30. Available from: http://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/NEAC%20Review%20Signed.pdf.

[ 5 ] NGNP Industry Alliance Letter to Dr. Steven Chu. Implementation strategy for the Next Generation Nuclear Plant Project. 2009Nov30. Available from: http://www.ngnpalliance.org/index.php/resources/download/czo0MzoiL2sxaTRkOHY4bDIvejBjM20yczYvQ2h1XzExMzAyMDA5X05HTlAxLnBkZiI7.

[ 6 ] Idaho National Laboratory [Internet]. Idaho Falls: Association of Energy Online Resources. [cited 2015Sep10]. Available from: https://inlportal.inl.gov/portal/server.pt?open=512&objID=452&mode=2&in_hi_userid=2&cached=true.

[ 7 ] Petti D, Maki J, Hunn J, Pappano P, Barnes C, Saurwein J, The DOE advanced gas reactor fuel development and qualification program. JOM 2010; 62(9): 62−6.

[ 8 ] Kinsey J. Summary of AGR Fuel Program [presentation]. In: Technical Meeting on the Safety of High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactors in the Light of the Fukushima Daiichi Accident; 2014Apr8−11; Vienna, Austria; 2014.

[ 9 ] Gougar H. NGNP program 2013 status and path forward. Idaho Falls: Idaho National Laboratory; 2014Mar1. Report No.: INL/EXT-14-31035.

[10] Hicks T. Modular HTGR safety basis and approach. Idaho Falls: Idaho National Laboratory; 2011Aug. Report No.: INL/EXT-11-22708.

[11] Wallance EG, Fleming KN, Burns EM. Next generation nuclear plant defense-in-depth approach. Idaho Falls: Idaho National Laboratory; 2009Dec. Report No.: INL/EXT-09-17139.

[12] Holbrook M. Next generation nuclear plant licensing basis event selection white paper. Idaho Falls: Idaho National Laboratory; 2010Sep. Report No.: INL/EXT-10-19521.

[13] Jordan P. Next generation nuclear plant structures, systems, and components safety classification white paper. Idaho Falls: Idaho National Laboratory; 2010. Report No.: INL/EXT-10-19509.

[14] Adams A. Next generation nuclear plant licensing strategy−a report to congress. Rockville: US Nuclear Regulatory Commission; Washington, DC: US Department of Energy; 2008Aug. Report No.: ML082290017.

[15] Basu S, Carlson D, Caruso M, DeGange J, Rubin S, Williams J. Assessment of white paper submittals on defense-in-depth, licensing basis event selection, and safety classification of structures, systems and components−next generation nuclear plant: project 0748. Rockville: US Nuclear Regulatory Commission; 2012.

[16] Office of Nuclear Energy, US Department of Energy [Internet]. Advanced reactor concepts technical review panel public report. [cited 2014Oct]. Available from: http://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/12/f19/Advance%20Reactor%20Concepts%20Technical%20Review%20Panel%20Public%20Report.pdf.

[17] X-energy.com [Internet]. Greenbelt: X Energy, LLC; c2016. Available from: http://www.x-energy.com/.

[18] StarCore Nuclear.ca [Internet]. Montréal: StarCore Nuclear. Available from: http://starcorenuclear.ca/#!/home/.

[19] General Atomics.com [Internet]. San Diego: General Atomics; c2016. Available from: http://www.ga.com/energy-multiplier-module.