岛上特大城市——隧道系统作为解决交通问题的关键备选方案

2018年第4卷第1期

摘要

关键词

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参考文献

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《工程（英文）》 >> 2018年第4卷第1期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.02.001

岛上特大城市——隧道系统作为解决交通问题的关键备选方案

Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690090, Russia

收稿日期： 2017-04-03 修回日期： 2017-09-07 录用日期： 2017-09-22 发布日期： 2018-02-03

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摘要

岛上大都市建设的一大关键困难是由有限的岛面用地导致的交通问题—— 公路及停车场地均需布置在已开发完成的岛上。这一限制便造成了公路数量稀少、路面交通拥堵、停车场地有限、车辆停放不规范等现象，容易引起安全事故。符拉迪沃斯托克市位于俄罗斯远东地区穆拉维约夫- 阿穆尔半岛（滨海边疆区）。该市因处在地缘政治要地，所以实际上也是俄罗斯的第三大首府。目前，为解决市内车辆交通问题，同时又考虑到缺少新建公路所需用地，当局就此提议应充分利用海岸沿线的海滩及滨水区域。不过，此项决定却与符拉迪沃斯托克市争创世界一流城市的生态及社会愿景存在明显冲突，且未能吸取世界其他海滨城市的经验教训—— 最初均在地面上修建了滨海公路，但之后又决定斥巨资拆除公路以合理享用滨海区的环境和历史资产。因此，建设一个独立的隧道交通系统及附加的地下停车场，似可作为解决交通问题的另一关键方案。此种方案的优点在于，它既能有效解决交通问题，又能改善该市的生态环境和宜居性。从解决交通问题的实际出发，在对两种方案进行比较后（即“地下”与“地面”的比较），可以看到独立的隧道系统具有多项主要优势。在比较中，我们提出了一套综合的效率评测标准，用以对符拉迪沃斯托克市交通系统方案的变量进行量化评估。经评估，地下方案比地面方案效率高出近1.8 倍。

关键词

特大城市 ; 交通 ; 隧道 ; 效率 ; 标准

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参考文献

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