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《工程(英文)》 >> 2018年 第4卷 第4期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.07.002

通过遗传操作提高非典型油料植物作为生产三酰甘油生物工厂的潜力

a CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia

b Plant Breeding Institute and Sydney Institute of Agriculture, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia

收稿日期: 2017-07-20 修回日期: 2017-10-30 录用日期: 2018-07-02 发布日期: 2018-07-07

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摘要

到2030 年,全球植物油需求量预计将翻番。然而目前的植物油生产平台,包括油棕和温带油籽却难以满足如此的增幅。因此,探索新型植物油来源对弥补未来的植物油的短缺变得越来越重要。植物油的主要形式是三酰甘油(TAG),最近通过基因工程在植物营养组织中生产TAG 引起了人们极大的兴趣。多学科的“组学”研究也愈发提高了我们对植物脂质生物化学和代谢的理解。鉴于此,生物化学途径鉴定及对脂肪酸生物合成、脂质组装和转换关键的基因的注释已得到有效更新。近年来,通过对TAG 生物合成涉及的关键基因和调节因子的遗传操作,高生物量植物营养组织和油籽中TAG 的积累得到了前所未有的迅速发展。本文总结了目前从单基因操作到旨在增加高生物量植物组织中TAG 积累的多基因叠加基因工程策略,讨论了可能有助于进一步缓解食用油和生物柴油潜在短缺的植物油生产的新方向和建议。

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