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《工程(英文)》 >> 2022年 第17卷 第10期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.07.024

全程氨氧化细菌在水和污水处理系统中的发生和作用综述

a School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
b Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador
c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China

收稿日期: 2021-02-01 00:00:00 修回日期: 2021-07-22 00:00:00 录用日期: 2021-07-28 00:00:00 发布日期: 2021-11-18

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摘要

脱氮是水处理厂和污水处理厂的关键过程。作为一种新型的生物脱氮过程,全程氨氧化(comammox, CMX)细菌的发现颠覆了学术界对于NH3需两步转化为NO3 的传统认知,拓宽了学术界对NH3生物氧化转化为NO3 的传统理论。与典型硝化细菌相比,CMX细菌具有显著优势,如高生物量生产率、对营养和生长限制条件的强适应性等,引起了人们对CMX细菌在污水处理中应用潜力的广泛关注。鉴于目前较缺乏关于CMX细菌与可持续水和污水处理过程关联性的全面综述,本文旨在讨论CMX细菌在去除水和污水中氮和污染物的作用及应用。本文从分支和亚分支水平考察了CMX细菌的代谢多样性,并关注CMX细菌在工程系统中的分布、生态位分化、共生关系及CMX细菌与典型硝化细菌的相互作用,更好地了解CMX细菌的生理、生态学特征。此外,本文提出了基于CMX细菌应激反应与反应器适应性的理论过程,并评估了CMX细菌直接或协同降解微污染物的代谢潜力,为CMX细菌在污水处理厂中的广泛应用提供重要理论基础。最后,本文总结了未来的研究方向,这对于深入理解CMX细菌至关重要。

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