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《工程(英文)》 >> 2023年 第26卷 第7期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.03.012

城市社区污水排水系统中新型冠状病毒的分布和削减

a State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
b Hubei Provincial Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
c Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China

# These authors contributed equally to this work.

收稿日期: 2021-08-02 修回日期: 2022-02-24 录用日期: 2022-03-15 发布日期: 2022-04-20

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摘要

新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)在200 多个国家迅速传播,对人类健康构成重大威胁。引起COVID-19 的新型冠状病毒可随粪便排入排水系统。然而,人们对SARS-CoV-2 在社区下水道中的分布、存留和传播仍缺乏全面的了解。本研究在疫情暴发期间,调查了我国武汉某社区的通风立管、化粪池和主要下水道出口的病毒核酸分布情况。结果表明,在确诊患者住院后,SARS-CoV-2 通过建筑物的通风立管向环境中长期排放的风险较低。相较于气溶胶,SARS-CoV-2 主要在液相样品中检出,并且在确诊患者住院4 天后才能在化粪池污水中检测到病毒核糖核酸(RNA)。病毒浓度在排入下水道后可被稀释10 倍以上[根据大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)测试结果],污水中SARS-CoV-2 的检出可能指示了社区存在潜在无症状患者。对社区污水排水系统中SARS-CoV-2 的全面调查,有助于了解其通过粪便排入污水后的分布和传播特征,以及污水监测对COVID-19 大流行监测的可行性。

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