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《工程(英文)》 >> 2023年 第23卷 第4期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.12.006

采后果实表皮蜡质结构、功能及其调控——综述与展望

a State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products & Key Laboratory of Postharvest Handing of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province & Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
b College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
c Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
d Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ourense 32004, Spain
e Universidade de Vigo, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, 32004 Ourense, Spain

 

# These authors contributed equally to this work.

收稿日期: 2022-06-27 修回日期: 2022-09-22 录用日期: 2022-12-22 发布日期: 2023-01-13

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摘要

表皮蜡质在植物果实生长和贮藏中发挥着重要作用。蜡质是覆盖在果实表皮细胞最外层不溶于水的物质,主要包括超长链脂肪酸(VLCFAs)及其衍生物(酯、初级醇、次级醇、醛、酮等)和三萜。这种复杂的脂类化合物在大多数植物表皮细胞中合成并转运至细胞表面。蜡质不仅有利于果实免受微生物侵染,还能减少果实的机械损伤,从而保持果实的商品价值。迄今为止,关于果实蜡质的研究多集中于采前果实蜡质的变化、功能和调控,而忽略了果实采后贮藏过程中蜡质变化及生物学功能。本文对果实表皮蜡质组成、结构及其代谢调控进行综述。重点阐述影响蜡质组成的采后因素,如贮藏温度、相对湿度(RH)、气体环境、外源激素等,以及蜡质对果实采后品质的影响,包括水分散失、果实软化、生理失调、抗病性等。这些总结可能有助于更好地了解采后果实表皮蜡质变化及其在果实品质保持中的作用。

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