^a Center for Spatial Information Science, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8568, Japan
^b School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 508055, China
^c College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
^d Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering (BEEE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China