期刊首页 优先出版 当期阅读 过刊浏览 作者中心 关于期刊 English

《中国工程科学》 >> 2020年 第22卷 第6期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.06.011

我国极地装备技术发展战略研究

中国海洋大学工程学院,山东青岛 266100

资助项目 :中国工程院咨询项目“海洋装备发展战略研究”(2020-ZD-02) 收稿日期: 2020-10-25 修回日期: 2020-11-09 发布日期: 2020-12-14

下一篇 上一篇

摘要

当前极地地区的战略地位日益凸显,极地资源开发与利用成为国际社会关注的焦点,而极地装备是科学认知极地、合 理开发利用极地资源的基础保障。极地装备主要包括极地科学装备、极地船舶装备、极地资源开发装备等三大类。针对此三 类装备,本文梳理了国外极地装备技术的发展态势,分析了我国极地装备的发展现状及存在的差距与问题,研判了极地装备 的发展趋势与关键技术,总结了我国极地装备技术领域的发展战略。针对我国极地科学装备不足且冰下观测能力有限、极地 船舶能力建设缺乏以及极地资源开发装备研发设计能力欠缺等问题,从建设北极环境观测与通信导航装备、攻克极地航行船 舶关键技术、发展极地资源勘探关键装备 3 个方面提出了我国面向 2035 年的极地装备重点发展方向及对策建议,以期为 21 世纪下半叶极地夏季商业航线的大规模开发提供装备和技术研究支持。

图片

图 1

图 2

参考文献

[ 1 ] Danish Meteorological Institute. Northern hemisphere sea ice extent [EB/OL]. (2020-01-20) [2020-08-12]. http://ocean.dmi.dk/ arctic/icecover.uk.php. 链接1

[ 2 ] Nieuwejaar P, Mazauric V, Betzler C, et al. Next generation European research vessels: Current status and foreseeable evolution [R]. Ostend: European Marine Board, 2019.

[ 3 ] 蓝海星, 王国亮, 魏博宇. 国外北极地区装备技术发展动向 [J]. 军事文摘, 2018, 431(23): 31–33. Lan H X, Wang G L, Wei B Y. Development trends of foreign Arctic equipment technology [J]. Military Digest, 2018, 431(23): 31–33.
Lan H X, Wang G L, Wei B Y. Development trends of foreign Arctic equipment technology [J]. Military Digest, 2018, 431(23): 31–33. Chinese. 链接1

[ 4 ] Plass S, Clazzer F, Bekkadal F. Current situation and future innovations in Arctic communications [C]. Boston: IEEE 82nd Vehicular Technology Conference, 2015. 链接1

[ 5 ] Kirkko-Jaakkola M, Leppälä L, Ferrara G, et al. Challenges in Arctic navigation and geospatial data: User perspective and solutions roadmap [R]. Helsinki: Ministry of Transport and Communications, 2020. 链接1

[ 6 ] 师桂杰, 高大威. 我国极地船舶能力分析与发展建议 [J]. 极地 研究, 2018, 30(4): 429–438. Shi G J, Gao D W. China’s polar shipping capacity and suggestions for development [J]. Chinese Journal of Polar Research, 2018, 30(4): 429–438.
Shi G J, Gao D W. China’s polar shipping capacity and suggestions for development [J]. Chinese Journal of Polar Research, 2018, 30(4): 429–438. Chinese. 链接1

[ 7 ] The Barents Observer. Russia moves to expand its Arctic icebreaker fleet, already the world’s largest [EB/OL]. (2019-09- 20) [2020-08-08]. https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2019/09/20/ russia-moves-to-expand-its-arctic-icebreaker-fleet-already-theworlds-largest-a67370. 链接1

[ 8 ] Melia N, Haines K, Hawkins E. Future of the sea: Implications from opening Arctic sea routes foresight [R]. London: Government Office for Science, 2017.

[ 9 ] 张侠, 寿建敏, 周豪杰. 北极航道海运货流类型及其规模研究 [J]. 极地研究, 2013 (2): 167–175. Zhang X, Shou J M, Zhou H J. A Study on scale and scope of maritime cargoes through the Arctic passages [J]. Chinese Journal of Polar Research, 2013 (2): 67–75.
Zhang X, Shou J M, Zhou H J. A Study on scale and scope of maritime cargoes through the Arctic passages [J]. Chinese Journal of Polar Research, 2013 (2): 67–75. Chinese. 链接1

[10] Gautier D L, Bird K J, Charpentier R R, et al. First ever release of USGS offshore Arctic resource assessment [J]. Offshore, 2009, 69(8): 46–50. 链接1

[11] Moore T E, Gautier D L. The 2008 Circum-Arctic resource appraisal [R]. Reston: U.S. Geological Survey, 2017. 链接1

[12] 王琦, 石莉. 浅析俄罗斯极地资源开发战略与实践 [J]. 国土资 源情报, 2012 (9): 16–21. Wang Q, Shi L. Study on the strategy and practice of polar resource development in Russia [J]. Land and Resource Information, 2012 (9): 14–19.
Wang Q, Shi L. Study on the strategy and practice of polar resource development in Russia [J]. Land and Resource Information, 2012 (9): 14–19. Chinese. 链接1

[13] 孙琦, 纪国栋, 汪海阁, 等. 极地钻井装备现状及发展趋势浅析 [J]. 石油钻探技术, 2012, 40(6): 47–50. Sun Q, Ji G D, Wang H G, et al. Status and development trend of Arctic drilling equipment [J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2012, 40(6): 43–46.
Sun Q, Ji G D, Wang H G, et al. Status and development trend of Arctic drilling equipment [J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2012, 40(6): 43–46. Chinese. 链接1

[14] Cahay M. Full year drilling season for MODU in Arctic area [C]. Fort Lauderdale: The 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering, 2019.

相关研究