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《中国工程科学》 >> 2021年 第23卷 第6期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.06.005

碳达峰、碳中和约束下我国天然气发展策略研究

1. 中国石油大学(华东)经济管理学院,山东青岛 266580;

2. 中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

资助项目 :国家自然科学基金基础科学中心项目(72088101);中国工程院咨询项目“能源战略(2035)”(2019-ZD-20) 收稿日期: 2021-08-17 修回日期: 2021-11-10 发布日期: 2021-12-08

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摘要

天然气是一种稳定、灵活的低碳化石能源,在供应端和消费端具有比较优势,可作为过渡能源为建设清洁低碳、安全高效的新型能源体系以及实现我国碳达峰、碳中和目标提供基础保障。当前,我国能源转型发展路径有多种方案设计,对天然气的发展前景也有着认识方面的显著差异。本文在科学分析碳达峰、碳中和目标两个阶段发展关系,面临挑战和坚持原则的基础上,深刻剖析了我国天然气的发展机遇,分析了在发电、交通运输、城市燃气、工业等重点领域的天然气比较优势;从终端价格、基础设施、价格机制、发展速度等方面总结了制约天然气发展的相关因素,针对性提出了我国天然气的发展目标。研究建议,强化顶层统筹引领,明确天然气发展定位与发展思路;充分发挥比较优势,推进天然气消费的跨越发展;合理利用国内国外两种资源,确保天然气充足可靠供应;推动基础设施建设,提升供应安全保障效率和水平;强化土地、财税、价格等政策和机制建设,促进天然气产业快速发展。

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