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《中国工程科学》 >> 2022年 第24卷 第1期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.005

我国农业生产的发展方向:从机械化到智慧化

1. 华南农业大学工程学院,广州 510642;

2. 华南农业大学南方农业机械与装备关键技术教育部重点实验室,广州 510642

资助项目 :中国工程院咨询项目“至2050 年中国现代农业生产方式与生产体系发展战略研究”(2018-ZD-07) 收稿日期: 2020-11-23 修回日期: 2021-12-24 发布日期: 2022-02-22

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摘要

“谁来种地,怎样种地”是中国和全世界农业生产面临的共同问题。改革开放以来,我国农业生产的机械化水平已显著提高;而农业生产智慧化是今后社会发展的必然趋势,将以智能装备为基础,以数据和知识为核心要素,使现代科学技术与农业深度融合,实现农业生产全过程的数字化感知、智能化决策、精准化作业和智慧化管理,进一步大幅提高劳动生产率、土地产出率和资源利用率。本文以水稻生产为例介绍了我国农业生产的发展现状,分析了我国农业生产向智慧化生产转变的必要性,总结了我国农业生产向智慧化发展面临的机遇与挑战,据此提出了我国农业生产的发展方向和发展路线。为促进我国农业生产方式从机械化向智慧化转变,本文提出了加强农机装备研发和创新体系建设、加强农机推广体系建设、加强农机社会化服务体系建设、加快智慧农业示范区建设等对策建议。

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参考文献

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