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《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1473-8
• Earthworms increase CO2 and N2O emissions in agricultural and forest soil.
关键词: Carbon sequestration Forest soil Cattle manure biochar Greenhouse gas emissions Soil fauna
Jan Pieter VAN DER BERG, Gijs A. KLETER, Evy BATTAGLIA, Martien A. M. GROENEN, Esther J. KOK
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第2期 页码 136-147 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019306
Genetic modification techniques, in particular novel gene editing technologies, hold the yet unfulfilled promise of altering genetic traits in farm animals more efficiently than by crossbreeding, allowing for a more rapid development of new cattle breeds with distinct traits. Gene editing technologies allow for the directed alteration of specific traits and thereby have the potential to enhance, for instance, disease resilience, production yield and the production of desired substances in milk. The potential implications of these technological advancements, which are often combined with animal cloning methods, are discussed both for animal health and for consumer safety, also with consideration of available methods for the detection and identification of the related products in the food supply chain. Finally, an overview is provided of current regulatory approaches in the European Union (EU) and major countries exporting beef to the EU, for products from animals bred through established practices as well as modern biotechnologies.
关键词: cattle food safety gene editing genetic modification GMO detection regulation
Factors affecting early embryonic development in cattle: relevance for bovine cloning
Yanna DANG, Kun ZHANG
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第1期 页码 33-41 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018228
Female infertility represents a major challenge for improving the production efficiency in the dairy industry. Historically, fertility has declined whereas milk yield has increased tremendously due to intensive genetic selection. evidence reveals about 60% pregnancy loss takes place during the first month following fertilization. Meanwhile, early embryo development is significant for somatic cell nuclear transfer in cattle as a large proportion of cloned embryos fail to develop beyond peri-implantation stage. Oocyte quality is of utmost importance for the early embryo to develop to term for both fertilized and cloned embryos. Epigenetic reprogramming is a key process occurring after fertilization and critical roles of epigenetic modifiers during preimplantation development are now clear. Incomplete epigenetic reprogramming is believed to be a major limitation to cloning efficiency. Treatment of cloned embryos with epigenetic modifying drugs (e.g., Trichostatin A) could greatly improve cloning efficiency in both mice and cattle. Recently, the rapid progress in high-throughput sequencing technologies has enabled detailed deciphering of the molecular mechanisms underlying these events. The robust efficiency of genomic editing tools also presents an alternative approach to the functional annotation of genes critical to early development.
关键词: bovine cloning embryo development somatic cell nuclear transfer X-inactive specific transcript
郭志勤
《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第3期 页码 12-17
从我国养牛业的现状和存在的主要问题,指出养牛业需要大力发展,当前必须大量引种和繁殖种牛。 而胚胎移植是引种的一种最好手段,具有方法简便、成本低、缩短改良时间、减少疾病传播等优点。同时,进 一步分析了我国胚胎移植技术的研究概况,阐明了胚胎移植的主要技术关键及产业化的必要性和可能性。并根 据我国养牛业的现状,提出奶牛、肉牛业应用胚胎移植技术的措施与办法。
Xiying Hao, Francis J. Larney
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0955-1
关键词: Livestock manure greenhouse gas flux straw bale compost bin N2O CH4 CO2
Advances in genetic engineering of domestic animals
Shaohua WANG,Kun ZHANG,Yunping DAI
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第3卷 第1期 页码 1-10 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016085
Livestock breeding for the 21st century: the promise of the editing revolution
Chris PROUDFOOT, Gus MCFARLANE, Bruce WHITELAW, Simon LILLICO
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第2期 页码 129-135 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019304
In recent years there has been a veritable explosion in the use of genome editors to create site-specific changes, both and , to the genomes of a multitude of species for both basic research and biotechnology. Livestock, which form a vital component of most societies, are no exception. While selective breeding has been hugely successful at enhancing some production traits, the rate of progress is often slow and is limited to variants that exist within the breeding population. Genome editing provides the potential to move traits between breeds, in a single generation, with no impact on existing productivity or to develop phenotypes that tackle intractable issues such as disease. As such, genome editors provide huge potential for ongoing livestock development programs in light of increased demand and disease challenge. This review will highlight some of the more notable agricultural applications of this technology in livestock.
Embryo-mediated genome editing for accelerated genetic improvement of livestock
Zachariah MCLEAN, Björn OBACK, Götz LAIBLE
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第2期 页码 148-160 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019305
Selecting beneficial DNA variants is the main goal of animal breeding. However, this process is inherently inefficient because each animal only carries a fraction of all desirable variants. Genome editing technology with its ability to directly introduce beneficial sequence variants offers new opportunities to modernize animal breeding by overcoming this biological limitation and accelerating genetic gains. To realize rapid genetic gain, precise edits need to be introduced into genomically-selected embryos, which minimizes the genetic lag. However, embryo-mediated precision editing by homology-directed repair (HDR) mechanisms is currently an inefficient process that often produces mosaic embryos and greatly limits the numbers of available edited embryos. This review provides a summary of genome editing in bovine embryos and proposes an embryo-mediated accelerated breeding scheme that overcomes the present efficiency limitations of HDR editing in bovine embryos. It integrates embryo-based genomic selection with precise multi-editing and uses embryonic cloning with elite edited blastomeres or embryonic pluripotent stem cells to resolve mosaicism, enable multiplex editing and multiply rare elite genotypes. Such a breeding strategy would enable a more targeted, accelerated approach for livestock improvement that allows stacking of beneficial variants, even including novel traits from outside the breeding population, in the most recent elite genetic background, essentially within a single generation.
关键词: animal breeding cattle cloning CRISPR/Cas9 cytoplasmic injection embryo genome editing germline chimaeras HDR livestock improvement TALENs
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Cattle manure biochar and earthworm interactively affected CO and NO emissions in agricultural and forest
期刊论文
Developments in genetic modification of cattle and implications for regulation, safety and traceability
Jan Pieter VAN DER BERG, Gijs A. KLETER, Evy BATTAGLIA, Martien A. M. GROENEN, Esther J. KOK
期刊论文
Factors affecting early embryonic development in cattle: relevance for bovine cloning
Yanna DANG, Kun ZHANG
期刊论文
Greenhouse gas emissions during co-composting of cattle feedlot manure with construction and demolition
Xiying Hao, Francis J. Larney
期刊论文
Livestock breeding for the 21st century: the promise of the editing revolution
Chris PROUDFOOT, Gus MCFARLANE, Bruce WHITELAW, Simon LILLICO
期刊论文