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植物生长调节剂 3

三十烷醇 2

小麦 2

水稻 2

TA乳粉 1

世界性动向 1

产量 1

人体健康 1

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参数变化，参数收益率，多目标优化，切比雪夫仿射，自适应加权和， 1

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周边缝 1

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YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF ALMOND, PEACH AND PLUM UNDER REGULATED DEFICIT IRRIGATION

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 583-593 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2020325

摘要：

The effects of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on the performance of almond cv. Tuono, peach cv. JH-Hall and plum cv. Stanley were assessed on the Saiss Plain (NW, Morocco) over three consecutive growing seasons (2011–2013). Irrigation treatments consisted of a control, irrigation applied to fully satisfy crop water requirements (100% ET_C), and two RDI treatments, irrigation applied to 75% ET_C (RDI-75) and 50% ET_C (RDI-50). These three treatments were applied during fruit-growth slowdown periods corresponding to Stages II and III in almond and Stage II in peach and plum. Yield and fruit quality traits were determined. The effect of RDI differed between species. Yield and fruit size were reduced significantly only in peach under RDI-50. Fruit quality improved in this species in the first year of the experiment, with an increase of sugar/acid ratio and polyphenol content. Plum quality also improved but the effects were significant only in the second and third years. Similar results were recorded in almond kernel, but their epidermal grooves were deeper under RDI-50, and this may have affected their commercial value. It is concluded that water can be saved during the fruit-growth slowdown period by up to 25% in peach and 50% in almond and plum with improvements in fruit quality without affecting total yield.

关键词： fruit quality / fruit yield / Prunus domestica / Prunus dulcis / Prunus persica / regulated deficit irrigation

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YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF ALMOND, PEACH AND PLUM UNDER REGULATED DEFICIT IRRIGATION

Rachid RAZOUK, Abdellah KAJJI, Anas HAMDANI, Jamal CHARAFI, Lahcen HSSAINI, Said BOUDA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 583-593 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020325

摘要： The effects of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on the performance of almond cv. Tuono, peach cv. JH-Hall and plum cv. Stanley were assessed on the Saiss Plain (NW, Morocco) over three consecutive growing seasons (2011–2013). Irrigation treatments consisted of a control, irrigation applied to fully satisfy crop water requirements (100% ET ), and two RDI treatments, irrigation applied to 75% ET (RDI-75) and 50% ET (RDI-50). These three treatments were applied during fruit-growth slowdown periods corresponding to Stages II and III in almond and Stage II in peach and plum. Yield and fruit quality traits were determined. The effect of RDI differed between species. Yield and fruit size were reduced significantly only in peach under RDI-50. Fruit quality improved in this species in the first year of the experiment, with an increase of sugar/acid ratio and polyphenol content. Plum quality also improved but the effects were significant only in the second and third years. Similar results were recorded in almond kernel, but their epidermal grooves were deeper under RDI-50, and this may have affected their commercial value. It is concluded that water can be saved during the fruit-growth slowdown period by up to 25% in peach and 50% in almond and plum with improvements in fruit quality without affecting total yield.

关键词： fruit quality fruit yield Prunus domestica Prunus dulcis Prunus persica regulated deficit irrigation

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Feature extraction of hyperspectral images for detecting immature green citrus fruit

Yongjun DING, Won Suk LEE, Minzan LI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第4期页码 475-484 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018241

摘要：

At an early immature growth stage of citrus, a hyperspectral camera of 369–1042 nm was employed to acquire 30 hyperspectral images in order to detect immature green fruit within citrus trees under natural illumination conditions. First, successive projections algorithm (SPA) were implemented to select 677, 804, 563, 962, and 405 nm wavebands and to construct multispectral images from the original hyperspectral images for further processing. Then, histogram threshold segmentation using NDVI of 804 and 677 nm was implemented to remove image backgrounds. Three slope parameters, calculated from the pairs 405 and 563 nm, 563 and 677 nm, and 804 and 962 nm were used to construct a classifier to identify the potential citrus fruit. Then, a marker-controlled watershed segmentation based on wavelet transform was applied to obtain potential fruit areas. Finally, a green fruit detection model was constructed according to Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) texture features of the independent areas. Three supervised classifiers, logistic regression, random forest and support vector machine (SVM) were developed using texture features. The detection accuracies were 79%, 75%, and 86% for the logistic regression, random forest, and SVM models, respectively. The developed algorithm showed a great potential for identifying immature green citrus for an early yield estimation.

关键词： hyperspectral green citrus image processing fruit detection precision agriculture yield mapping

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Recent advances in fruit crop genomics

Qiang XU,Chaoyang LIU,Manosh Kumar BISWAS,Zhiyong PAN,Xiuxin DENG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第1期页码 21-27 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014002

摘要： In recent years, dramatic progress has been made in the genomics of fruit crops. The publication of a dozen fruit crop genomes represents a milestone for both functional genomics and breeding programs in fruit crops. Rapid advances in high-throughput sequencing technology have revolutionized the manner and scale of genomics in fruit crops. Research on fruit crops is encompassing a wide range of biological questions which are unique and cannot be addressed in a model plant such as . This review summarizes recent achievements of research on the genome, transcriptome, proteome, miRNAs and epigenome of fruit crops.

关键词： fruit crops fruit biology gene function genomics

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Machine vision-based automatic fruit quality detection and grading

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023532

摘要：

● A machine vision-based prototype system was developed for fruit grading.

关键词： Computer and machine vision convolution neural network deep learning defective fruit detection fruit grading microcontroller

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RECENT ADVANCES IN THE REGULATION OF CLIMACTERIC FRUIT RIPENING: HORMONE, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AND EPIGENETIC

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第2期

摘要：

Fruit ripening is a complex developmental process made up of genetically programmed physiological and biochemical activities. It culminates in desirable changes in the structural and textural properties and is governed by a complex regulatory network. Much is known about ethylene, one of the most important metabolites promoting the ripening of climacteric fruits. However, the dynamic interplay between phytohormones also plays an important part. Additional regulatory factors such as transcription factors (TFs) and epigenetic modifications also play vital role in the regulation of climacteric fruit ripening. Here, we review and evaluate the complex regulatory network comprising interactions between hormones and the action of TFs and epigenetic modifications during climacteric fruit ripening.

关键词： climacteric fruit ripening / phytohormones / TFs / epigenetic modifications

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RECENT ADVANCES IN THE REGULATION OF CLIMACTERIC FRUIT RIPENING: HORMONE, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AND EPIGENETIC

Yinglin JI, Mingyang XU, Aide WANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》页码 314-334 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021386

摘要： Fruit ripening is a complex developmental process made up of genetically programmed physiological and biochemical activities. It culminates in desirable changes in the structural and textural properties and is governed by a complex regulatory network. Much is known about ethylene, one of the most important metabolites promoting the ripening of climacteric fruits. However, the dynamic interplay between phytohormones also plays an important part. Additional regulatory factors such as transcription factors (TFs) and epigenetic modifications also play vital role in the regulation of climacteric fruit ripening. Here, we review and evaluate the complex regulatory network comprising interactions between hormones and the action of TFs and epigenetic modifications during climacteric fruit ripening.

关键词： climacteric fruit ripening phytohormones TFs epigenetic modifications

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FUNCTIONAL GAIN OF FRUIT NETTED-CRACKING IN AN INTROGRESSION LINE OF TOMATO WITH HIGHER EXPRESSION OF

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第2期

摘要：

Fruit cracking is a major disorder that affects the integrity of fruit and reduces the commercial value of tomato and other fleshy fruit. Here, we have found a novel fruit ‘netted-cracking’ (FNC) phenotype in tomato introgression line IL4-4 which is present in neither the donor parent (LA0716) nor the receptor parent (M82). An F₂ population was generated by crossing IL4-4 with M82 to genetically characterize the FNC gene and this showed that a single dominant gene determined fruit netted-cracking. Further map-based cloning narrowed down the FNC locus to a 230 kb region on chromosome 4. Sequencing and annotation analysis show that FNC(Solyc04 g082540) was the most likely candidate gene. Functional characterization of FNC by overexpressing FNC^AC and FNC^IL4-4resulted in the fruit netted-cracking phenotype, suggesting that the FNC transcript level results in the functional gain of fruit netted-cracking. These findings were further confirmed by FNC ortholog in netted-cracking pepper and melon, indicating a common regulatory mechanism in different plant species. Furthermore, cytoplasm and nucleus-localized FNC indicates increased expression of genes involved in suberin, lignin, lipid transport and cell wall metabolism. These findings provide novel genetic insights into fruit netted-cracking and offer a way to promote molecular improvement toward cracking resistant cultivars.

关键词： fine mapping / fruit netted-cracking / introgression line / transcript level

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我国果树业生产现状和待研究的问题

束怀瑞

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第2期页码 45-48

摘要：

介绍了我国果树资源及果树产业、科研当前水平；阐述了有关果业发展拟研究的五个问题：（1）果树传统品种组群与现代化生产及专业化；（2）果树发展与生态环境建设；（3）重视果树根系研究；（4）果品加工发展要加速研究与中试，加工产业发展要注意科学进程和大、中、小企业结合；（5）建立果品优质生产工程的技术体系。具体包括：品种组合与专业化，“世界品种”，名特优品种的不断选育，无公害基地的环境保护，根系研究对持续发展和提高产量品质的潜力，营养基因型根系，生根基因，建立质量工程技术体系，果品加工业的逐步进程等。

关键词：果树资源品种组合果树根系果品加工果树优质工程技术体系

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PLANT DENSITY, IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN MANAGEMENT: THREE MAJOR PRACTICES IN CLOSING YIELD GAPS FOR AGRICULTURAL

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2020355

摘要：

Agriculture faces the dual challenges of food security and environmental sustainability. Here, we investigate current maize production at the field scale, analyze the yield gaps and impacting factors, and recommend measures for sustainably closing yield gaps. An experiment was conducted on a 3.9-ha maize seed production field in arid north-western China, managed with border and drip irrigation, respectively, in 2015 and 2016. The relative yield reached 70% in both years. However, drip irrigation saved 227 mm irrigation water during a drier growing season compared with traditional border irrigation, accounting for 44% of the maize evapotranspiration (ET). Yield variability under drip irrigation was 12.1%, lower than the 18.8% under border irrigation. Boundary line analysis indicates that a relative yield increase of 8% to 10% might be obtained by optimizing the yield-limiting factors. Plant density and soil available water content and available nitrogen were the three major factors involved. In conclusion, closing yield gaps with agricultural sustainability may be realized by optimizing agronomic, irrigation and fertilizer management, using water-saving irrigation methods and using site-specific management.

关键词： boundary line analysis irrigation method precision agriculture spatial variability yield gaps yield-limiting factors

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苹果栽培的世界性动向——提高果品质量

学士钊

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第6期页码 81-88

摘要：

由数量型向质量型转变，是苹果栽培的世界性动向。栽培者应该放弃只追求果品高额产量的过时做法，实施每公顷只产30 000 kg ，以达到最高的果品质量为目标，来保持果园的良性发展和增强果品抢占市场的优势。

关键词：苹果栽培世界性动向果品质量

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Hydrogen peroxide is correlated with browning in peach fruit stored at low temperature

Zhansheng DING, Shiping TIAN, Xianghong MENG, Yong XU,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 363-374 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0246-x

摘要： The objective of this present research is to study the biological basis of browning in peach fruit during storage at low temperatures. After being immersed in 0 or 2mmol·L salicylic acid (SA) aqueous solution for 10min, peach fruit (Prunus persica L. cv. Hongtao) were stored at 10°C, 5°C or 0°C with or without shelf life at 25°C. During storage, the progress of browning, lipid per-oxidation, phenol content, activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO, E.C. 1.14.18.1) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7), redox state of ascorbate and glutathione, as well as the content, location and metabolism of hydrogen peroxide (HO) in the fruit were examined. The results indicated that a decrease in HO content was correlated with browning, whereas phenol content and activities of PPO and POD were not correlated with the change in HO content. Moreover, HO content was influenced by different responses of antioxidants at different storage conditions. It was concluded that the main effect of HO on browning was to regulate its appearance and development as a signal molecule, and lower HO content was beneficial to browning.

关键词： beneficial per-oxidation appearance decrease hydrogen peroxide

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The effect of conservation tillage on crop yield in China

Hongwen LI,Jin HE,Huanwen GAO,Ying CHEN,Zhiqiang ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第2期页码 179-185 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015058

摘要： Traditional agricultural practices have resulted in decreased soil fertility, shortage of water resources and deterioration of agricultural ecological environment, which are seriously affecting grain production. Conservation tillage (CT) research has been developed and applied in China since the 1960s and 1970s, and a series of development policies have been issued by the Chinese government. Recent research and application have shown that CT has positive effects on crop yields in China. According to the data from the Conservation Tillage Research Center (CTRC), Chinese Ministry of Agriculture (MOA), the mean crop yield increase can be at least 4% in double cropping systems in the North China Plain and 6% in single cropping systems in the dryland areas of North-east and North-west China. Crop yield increase was particularly significant in dryland areas and drought years. The mechanism for the yield increase in CT system can be attributed to enhanced soil water content and improved soil properties. Development strategies have been implemented to accelerate the adoption of CT in China.

关键词： conservation tillage crop yield soil structure development strategies

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Breeding strategies for increasing yield potential in super hybrid rice

Shihua CHENG,Xiaodeng ZHAN,Liyong CAO

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第4期页码 277-282 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015081

摘要： Super hybrid rice breeding is a new breeding method combining semi-dwarf breeding and heterosis breeding using germplasm and gene-environment interactions. This paper reviews the breeding strategies of super hybrid rice breeding in China, focusing on the utilization of heterosis of indica and japonica subspecies, construction of ideal plant architecture and pyramiding of disease resistant genes in restorer lines. To develop super hybrid rice, considerable effort should be made to explore genes related with high yield, good quality, resistance to pests and diseases, tolerance to stresses. Molecular breeding methods in combination with crossing techniques should be adopted in super hybrid rice breeding.

关键词： super hybrid rice breeding strategies yield potential