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Plasma-enabled sensing of urea and related amides on polyaniline

Harinarayanan Puliyalil,Petr Slobodian,Michal Sedlacik,Ruhan Benlikaya,Pavel Riha,Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov,Uroš Cvelbar

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第2期页码 265-272 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1570-6

摘要： The atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) was used to enhance the sensitivity of industrially important polyaniline (PANI) for detection of organic vapors from amides. The gas sensing mechanism of PANI is operating on the basis of reversible protonation or deprotonation, whereas the driving force to improve the sensitivity after plasma modifications is unknown. Herein we manage to solve this problem and investigate the sensing mechanism of atmospheric plasma treated PANI for vapor detection of amides using urea as a model. The results from various analytical techniques indicate that the plausible mechanism responsible for the improved sensitivity after plasma treatment is operating through a cyclic transition state formed between the functional groups introduced by plasma treatment and urea. This transition state improved the sensitivity of PANI towards 15 ppm of urea by a factor of 2.4 times compared to the non-treated PANI. This plasma treated PANI is promising for the improvement of the sensitivity and selectivity towards other toxic and carcinogenic amide analytes for gas sensing applications such as improving material processing and controlling food quality.

关键词： gas sensing urea PANI amides plasma

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Continuous deacylation of amides in a high-temperature and high-pressure microreactor

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第12期页码 1818-1825 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2182-y

摘要： The deacylation of amides, which is widely employed in the pharmaceutical industry, is not a fast reaction under normal conditions. To intensify this reaction, a high-temperature and high-pressure continuous microreaction technology was developed, whose space-time yield was 49.4 times that of traditional batch reactions. Using the deacylation of acetanilide as a model reaction, the effects of the temperature, pressure, reaction time, molar ratio of reactants, and water composition on acetanilide conversion were carefully studied. Based on the rapid heating and cooling capabilities, the kinetics of acetanilide deacylation at high temperatures were investigated to determine the orders of reactants and activation energy. This microreaction technology was further applied to a variety of other amides to understand the influence of substituents and steric hindrance on the deacylation reaction.

关键词： amide deacylation microreactor flow chemistry reaction intensification

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Supramolecular self-assembly of two-component systems comprising aromatic amides/Schiff base and tartaric

Xin Wang, Wei Cui, Bin Li, Xiaojie Zhang, Yongxin Zhang, Yaodong Huang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第6期页码 1112-1121 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1865-5

摘要： The gelating properties and thermotropic behaviors of stoichiometric mixtures of aromatic amides , and the aromatic Schiff base with tartaric acid (TA) were investigated. Among the three gelators, -TA exhibited superior gelating ability. Mixture -TA exhibits a smectic B phase and an unidentified smectic mesophase during both heating and cooling runs. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction revealed the existence of hydrogen bonding and - interactions in -TA systems, which are likely to be the dominant driving forces for the supramolecular self-assembly. Additionally, it was established that all of the studied gel self-assemblies and mesophases possess a lamellar structure. The anion response ability of the tetrahydrofuran gel of -TA was evaluated and it was found that it was responsive to the stimuli of F , Cl , Br , I , AcO .

关键词： supramolecular self-assembly organogel liquid crystal tartaric acid hydrogen bond