2011, Volume 6, Issue 3
Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering >> 2011, Volume 6, Issue 3 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0230-2
Stress induced polarization switching and coupled hysteretic dynamics in ferroelectric materials
1. Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
2. M.NeT Laboratory, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5, Canada; BCAM, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio 48106, Spain
3. Modern Manufacture Engineering Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Abstract
The dynamic responses of ferroelectric materials upon external mechanical and electrical stimulations are inherently nonlinear and coupled. In the current paper, a macroscopic differential model is constructed for the coupled hysteretic dynamics via modeling the orientation switching induced in the materials. A non-convex potential energy is constructed with both mechanic and electric field contributions. The governing equations are formulated as nonlinear ordinary differential equations by employing the Euler-Lagrange equation, and can be easily recast into a state space form. Hysteresis loops associated with stress induced polarization switching and butterfly-shaped behavior in ferroelectric materials are also successfully captured. The effects of mechanical loadings on the electrically induced switching are numerically investigated, as well as the mechanically-induced switching with various bias electric fields.
Keywords
differential model ; state space ; electromechanical switching ; butterfly effects ; hysteresis
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