Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering
>> 2020,
Volume 14,
Issue 4
doi:
10.1007/s11705-019-1841-0
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Ball milling promoted direct liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass in supercritical ethanol
. School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.. Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, China
Accepted: 2019-11-19
Available online: 2019-11-19
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Abstract
In the present work, ball milling was applied for the pretreatment of lignocellulose to obtain high conversion and bio-oil yield in supercritical ethanol. Ball milling substantially decreased the crystallinity and particle size of lignocellulose, thereby improving its accessibility in ethanol solvent. An increased bio-oil yield of 59.2% was obtained for the ball milled camphorwood sawdust at 300°C, compared with 39.6% for the original lignocellulose. Decreased crystallinity significantly benefited the conversion of the cellulose component from 60.8% to 91.7%, and decreased particle size was beneficial for the conversion of all components. The obtained bio-oil had a high phenolic content, as analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Methoxylation and retro-aldol condensation were observed during alcoholysis, and the reaction pathways of lignocellulose in supercritical ethanol were attributed to the action of free radicals.
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