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Correlations for estimating solar radiation using sunshine hours and temperature measurement in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria

S. OHUNAKIN, M. S. ADARAMOLA, O. M. OYEWOLA, R. O. FAGBENLE

Frontiers in Energy 2013, Volume 7, Issue 2,   Pages 214-222 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0241-2

Abstract: In this study, the global solar radiation on horizontal surface in Osogbo, Osun state, Nigeria was analyzed using 11-year data (1997–2007). Correlations using linear and quadratic expressions were developed to relate the global solar radiation on horizontal surface based on relative sunshine hours and temperature measurements for evaluating the monthly average daily global solar radiation. The calculated monthly clearness index values indicate that the prevailing weather condition in Osogbo is heavily overcast. All the developed quadratic correlations gave better correlation coefficients (0.834, 0.872 and 0.823 respectively) than the linear models. However, the Hargreaves and Samani related based quadratic model gave the best among the three developed quadratic expressions and is therefore suggested for estimating the monthly global radiation in this site and its surroundings.

Keywords： global solar radiation     Hargreaves model     sunshine hour     ambient temperatures     Osogbo    

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Orderly decorated nanostructural photoelectrodes with uniform spherical TiO

M. Bakhshayesh,S. S. Azadfar

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 4,   Pages 532-540 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1549-8

Abstract: novel nanostructural electrode made of 20-nm-diameter nanoparticles, which orderly decorated with 2-µm

Keywords： dye-sensitized solar cell     uniform particles     TiO2 gel process     light harvesting    

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Estimation of power in low velocity vertical axis wind turbine

Sampath S. S.,Sawan SHETTY,Chithirai Pon Selvan M.

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2015, Volume 10, Issue 2,   Pages 211-218 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0338-x

Abstract:

The present work involves in the construction of a vertical axis wind turbine and the determination of power. Various different types of turbine blades are considered and the optimum blade is selected. Mechanical components of the entire setup are built to obtain maximum rotation per minute. The mechanical energy is converted into the electrical energy by coupling coaxially between the shaft and the generator. This setup produces sufficient power for consumption of household purposes which is economic and easily available.

Keywords： wind turbine     shaft design     power generation     generator    

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Mechanical properties of steel, glass, and hybrid fiber reinforced reactive powder concrete

Atheer H.M. ALGBURI, M. Neaz SHEIKH, Muhammad N.S. HADI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 4,   Pages 998-1006 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0533-7

Abstract: This study examines the properties of fiber-reinforced reactive powder concrete (FR-RPC). Steel fibers, glass fibers, and steel-glass hybrid fibers were used to prepare the FR-RPC. The non-fibrous reactive powder concrete (NF-RPC) was prepared as a reference mix. The proportion of fibers by volume for all FR-RPC mixes was 1.5%. Steel fibers of 13 mm length and 0.2 mm diameter were used to prepare the steel fiber-reinforced RPC (SFR-RPC). Glass fibers of 13 mm length and 1.3 mm diameter were used to prepare the glass fiber-reinforced RPC (GFR-RPC). The hybrid fiber-reinforced RPC (HFR-RPC) was prepared by mixing 0.9% steel fibers and 0.6% glass fibers. Compressive strength, axial load-axial deformation behavior, modulus of elasticity, indirect tensile strength, and shear strength of the RPC mixes were investigated. The results showed that SFR-RPC achieved higher compressive strength, indirect tensile strength and shear strength than NF-RPC, GFR-RPC, and HFR-RPC. Although the compressive strengths of GFR-RPC and HFR-RPC were slightly lower than the compressive strength of NF-RPC, the shear strengths of GFR-RPC and HFR-RPC were higher than that of NF-RPC.

Keywords： reactive powder concrete     steel fiber     glass fiber     hybrid fiber    

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Characterization and seasonal distribution of microplastics in the nearshore sediments of the south-east coast of India, Bay of Bengal

Dhineka , M. Sambandam , S. K. Sivadas , T.Kaviarasan , Umakanta Pradhan , Mehmuna Begum , Pravakar Mishra , M. V. Ramana Murthy

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 1,   Pages 10-10 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1444-0

Abstract: = 130) were collected at a distance of 1 km and 10 km from the shore region at varying depths (8–45 m)
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Techno-economic evaluation of wind energy in southwest Nigeria

Muyiwa S. ADARAMOLA, Olarenwaju M. OYEWOLA, Olayinka S. OHUNAKIN, Rufus R. DINRIFO

Frontiers in Energy 2012, Volume 6, Issue 4,   Pages 366-378 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0205-y

Abstract: A 37-year (1971–2007) wind speed data set measured at 10 m height, obtained from eight meteorologicalshown that Lagos, having the highest accumulated power outputs of 430.10 kW/a from DeWind D7 at 70 m

Keywords： mean wind speed     Weibull distributions     wind turbine     techno-economic analysis     southwest geopolitical region     Nigeria    

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Investigation of wind energy potentials in Brunei Darussalam

M. A. SALAM, M. G. YAZDANI, Q. M. RAHMAN, Dk NURUL, S. F. MEI, Syeed HASAN

Frontiers in Energy 2019, Volume 13, Issue 4,   Pages 731-741 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0528-4

Abstract: Based on this analysis, it has been found that the wind speed of 3 to 5 m/s has a probability of occurrenceBesides, the annual energy production at a wind speed of 5 m/s has been found to be in the range between

Keywords： wind speed     Weibull distribution     wind rose     wind energy     wind power    

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Decoration of vertically aligned TiO

ISMAIL, M. S. AMIN, Mohamed MEKEWI

Frontiers in Energy 2018, Volume 12, Issue 2,   Pages 249-258 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0547-1

Abstract: WO decorated photoelectrodes of titanium nanotube arrays (W-oxide TNTAs) were synthesized via a two-step process, namely, electrochemical oxidation of titanium foil and electrodeposition of W-oxide for various interval times of 1, 2, 3, 5, and 20 min to improve the photoelectrochemical performance and the amount of hydrogen generated. The synthesized photoelectrodes were characterized by various characterization techniques. The presence of tungsten in the modified TNTAs was confirmed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) proved the deposition of W-oxide as small particles staked up on the surface of the tubes at lower deposition time whereas longer times produced large and aggregate particles to mostly cover the surface of TiO nanotubes. Additionally, the incorporation of WO resulted in a shift of the absorption edge toward visible light as confirmed by UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and a decrease in the estimated band gap energy values hence, modified TNTAs facilitated a more efficient utilization of solar light for water splitting. From the photoelectrochemical measurement data, the optimal photoelectrode produced after 2 min of deposition time improved the photo conversion efficiency and the hydrogen generation by 30% compared to that of the pure TNTA.

Keywords： titanium dioxide nanotube arrays     potentiostaticanodization     electrodeposition method     tungsten oxide     photoelectrochemical water splitting    

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Planetary Homeostasis of Reactive Nitrogen Through Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation

Guibing Zhu,Bangrui Lan,Shuci Liu,Cameron M.Callbeck,Shanyun Wang,Liping Jiang,Asheesh Kumar Yadav,Jan Vymazal,Mike S. M.

Engineering doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.09.013

Abstract: N2O in many oxygen-limited situations, assisting in the restoration of the homeostasis of the Earth’s

Keywords： biogeochemical N-cycle     oxic–anoxic interface     nature-based solution     biogeoengineering     nitrogen sustainable development    

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An investigation of reaction furnace temperatures and sulfur recovery

S. ASADI, M. PAKIZEH, M. POURAFSHARI CHENAR

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 362-371 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1106-z

Abstract: In a modern day sulfur recovery unit (SRU), hydrogen sulfide (H S) is converted to elemental sulfur usingThe effect of the H S concentration, the H S/CO ratio, the input air flow rate, the acid gas flow ofHowever, if three other parameters (the concentration of H S, the ratio H S/CO and the flow rate of

Keywords： Claus unit     concentration of H2S     tail gas ratio     sulfur recovery     catalytic bed    

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Sizing of hybrid PMSG-PV system for battery charging of electric vehicles

M. M. RAJAN SINGARAVEL,S. ARUL DANIEL

Frontiers in Energy 2015, Volume 9, Issue 1,   Pages 68-74 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0349-7

Abstract: The number of electric vehicles are increasing in the society as they are considered as zero emission vehicles and also because conventional fuels are becoming expensive. Additional electrical power should be produced to meet the energy requirement of this increase in electric vehicle population. To use the existing grid infrastructure without any failure, installing distributed generator at secondary distribution network is essential. In this work, sizing of wind-driven permanent magnet synchronous generator—photovoltaic hybrid distributed generating system has been attempted to meet the energy demand of electric vehicles of a particular residential area. Different feasible combinations for wind generator capacity and photovoltaic capacity are obtained to satisfy the additional energy requirement. Results are analyzed based on energy, financial payback periods and daily power profile of the hybrid system. Based on this analysis, the sizes of wind generator and photovoltaic array have been chosen to meet the energy demand of electric vehicles of that particular residential locality.

Keywords： electric vehicles     hybrid PMSG-PV system     smart grid    

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Bismuth oxide-related photocatalysts in green nanotechnology: A critical analysis

Reverberi, P.S. Varbanov, M. Vocciante, B. Fabiano

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 878-892 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1744-5

Abstract: A survey addressing the uses of bismuth oxide in photocatalysis is presented. The richness of literature on such a specific topic proves the growing importance of this compound as a valid tool in pollution abatement and environmental decontamination. Many research groups have focused their activity on how to improve the photocatalytic properties of this semiconductor and several solutions have been adopted in the synthesis method, often based on wet-chemical processes. The impressive development of nanoscience helped in understanding and identifying process variables and operative conditions aiming at optimizing the yield of this promising photocatalytic material in the utilization of solar energy.

Keywords： photocatalysis     visible light     bismuth compounds     nanotechnology     environmental remediation     decontamination     pollution abatement    

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Kinematical synthesis of an inversion of the double linked fourbar for morphing wing applications

AVILéS, I. FERNáNDEZ, M. ABASOLO

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2013, Volume 8, Issue 1,   Pages 17-32 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0364-5

Abstract:

This paper presents the kinematical features of an inversion of the double linked fourbar for morphing wing purposes. The structure of the mechanism is obtained using structural synthesis concepts, from an initial conceptual schematic. Then, kinematic characteristics as instant center of rotation, lock positions, dead point positions and uncertainty positions are derived for this mechanism in order to face the last step, the dimensional synthesis; in this sense, two kinds of dimensional synthesis are arranged to guide the wing along two positions, and to fulfill with the second one some aerodynamic and minimum actuation energy related issues.

Keywords： morphing wing     structural synthesis     dimensional synthesis     geometrical kinematics    

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Effect of the degree of template removal from mesoporous silicate materials on their adsorption of heavy oil from aqueous solution

Farouq TWAIQ,M.S. NASSER,Sagheer A. ONAIZI

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 4,   Pages 488-497 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1459-1

Abstract: The key aim of this study is to evaluate the adsorption of heavy oil from aqueous solutions with different oil contents over mesoporous silicate materials having different surfactant template contents. The mesoporous silicate materials have been synthesized from tetraethylorthosilicate as a silica precursor and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a template using the sol-gel technique. Four samples were prepared by (1) totally removing the template using the calcination process, (2) partially removing the template via ethanol extraction, (3) partially removing the template via water extraction, and (4) keeping the template as synthesized, respectively. These four samples have been characterized using X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption, thermal gravimetric analysis and Fourier transformed infrared. The effect of the degree of template removal of these mesoporous materials for the oil removal has been investigated. The oil removal is inversely proportional to the surfactant content in the mesoporous material, being highest for the calcined sample but lowest for the as-synthesized sample. The kinetic of oil adsorption over the calcined material has been also studied and the data obtained fit well a second-order model.

Keywords： heavy oil     mesoporous silicate material     kinetics     template removal     adsorption    

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Critical review of recent development in fiber reinforced adobe bricks for sustainable construction

Mahgoub M. SALIH, Adelaja I. OSOFERO, Mohammed S. IMBABI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 4,   Pages 839-854 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0630-7

Abstract: This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of research on the utilization of fibers (predominantly derived from waste materials) as reinforcement in adobe brick production. Recycling of these wastes provides sustainable construction materials and helps to protect the environment. Specimen preparation and test procedures are outlined. The effects of addition of these wastes on the physical and mechanical properties of adobe bricks as presented in the literature, are investigated. The main results for each additive are presented and discussed. It is concluded that improved adobe brick properties can be expected with the addition of combination of waste additives. The use of waste materials in the construction industry is generally of interest and useful for engineers and designers seeking sustainable solutions in construction. It is also of interest to researchers actively seeking to develop methodical approaches to quantifying, optimising and testing the performance in use of such waste material additives.

Keywords： adobe bricks     fibre reinforced bricks     green     sustainable building material     physical and mechanical properties    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Correlations for estimating solar radiation using sunshine hours and temperature measurement in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria

S. OHUNAKIN, M. S. ADARAMOLA, O. M. OYEWOLA, R. O. FAGBENLE

Journal Article

Orderly decorated nanostructural photoelectrodes with uniform spherical TiO

M. Bakhshayesh,S. S. Azadfar

Journal Article

Estimation of power in low velocity vertical axis wind turbine

Sampath S. S.,Sawan SHETTY,Chithirai Pon Selvan M.

Journal Article

Mechanical properties of steel, glass, and hybrid fiber reinforced reactive powder concrete

Atheer H.M. ALGBURI, M. Neaz SHEIKH, Muhammad N.S. HADI

Journal Article

Characterization and seasonal distribution of microplastics in the nearshore sediments of the south-east coast of India, Bay of Bengal

Dhineka , M. Sambandam , S. K. Sivadas , T.Kaviarasan , Umakanta Pradhan , Mehmuna Begum , Pravakar Mishra , M. V. Ramana Murthy

Journal Article

Techno-economic evaluation of wind energy in southwest Nigeria

Muyiwa S. ADARAMOLA, Olarenwaju M. OYEWOLA, Olayinka S. OHUNAKIN, Rufus R. DINRIFO

Journal Article

Investigation of wind energy potentials in Brunei Darussalam

M. A. SALAM, M. G. YAZDANI, Q. M. RAHMAN, Dk NURUL, S. F. MEI, Syeed HASAN

Journal Article

Decoration of vertically aligned TiO

ISMAIL, M. S. AMIN, Mohamed MEKEWI

Journal Article

Planetary Homeostasis of Reactive Nitrogen Through Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation

Guibing Zhu,Bangrui Lan,Shuci Liu,Cameron M.Callbeck,Shanyun Wang,Liping Jiang,Asheesh Kumar Yadav,Jan Vymazal,Mike S. M.

Journal Article

An investigation of reaction furnace temperatures and sulfur recovery

S. ASADI, M. PAKIZEH, M. POURAFSHARI CHENAR

Journal Article

Sizing of hybrid PMSG-PV system for battery charging of electric vehicles

M. M. RAJAN SINGARAVEL,S. ARUL DANIEL

Journal Article

Bismuth oxide-related photocatalysts in green nanotechnology: A critical analysis

Reverberi, P.S. Varbanov, M. Vocciante, B. Fabiano

Journal Article

Kinematical synthesis of an inversion of the double linked fourbar for morphing wing applications

AVILéS, I. FERNáNDEZ, M. ABASOLO

Journal Article

Effect of the degree of template removal from mesoporous silicate materials on their adsorption of heavy oil from aqueous solution

Farouq TWAIQ,M.S. NASSER,Sagheer A. ONAIZI

Journal Article

Critical review of recent development in fiber reinforced adobe bricks for sustainable construction

Mahgoub M. SALIH, Adelaja I. OSOFERO, Mohammed S. IMBABI

Journal Article