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Anodization of titanium alloys for orthopedic applications
Merve İzmir, Batur Ercan
Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages 28-45 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1759-y
In recent years, nanostructured oxide films on titanium alloy surfaces have gained significant interest due to their electrical, catalytic and biological properties. In literature, there is variety of different approaches to fabricate nanostructured oxide films. Among these methods, anodization technique, which allows fine-tuning of oxide film thickness, feature size, topography and chemistry, is one of the most popular approaches to fabricate nanostructured oxide films on titanium alloys, and it has been widely investigated for orthopedic applications. Briefly, anodization is the growth of a controlled oxide film on a metallic component attached to the anode of an electrochemical cell. This review provides an overview of the anodization technique to grow nanostructured oxide films on titanium and titanium alloys and summarizes the interactions between anodized titanium alloy surfaces with cells in terms of cellular adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. It will start with summarizing the mechanism of nanofeatured oxide fabrication on titanium alloys and then switch its focus on the latest findings for anodization of titanium alloys, including the use of fluoride free electrolytes and anodization of 3D titanium foams. The review will also highlight areas requiring further research to successfully translate anodized titanium alloys to clinics for orthopedic applications.
Keywords： titanium alloys anodization biocompatibility orthopedics
Orthopedic management in the polytrauma patient
Jason J. Halvorson, Holly T-P. Pilson, Eben A. Carroll, Zhongyu John Li
Frontiers of Medicine 2012, Volume 6, Issue 3, Pages 234-242 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0218-2
The past century has seen many changes in the management of the polytraumatized orthopedic patient. Early recommendations for non-operative treatment have evolved into early total care (ETC) and damage control orthopedic (DCO) treatment principles. These principles force the treating orthopaedist to take into account multiple patient parameters including hypothermia, coagulopathy and volume status before deciding upon the operative plan. This requires a multidisciplinary approach involving critical care physicians, anesthesiologists and others.
Keywords： damage control orthopedics early total care polytrauma
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