基于无人装备的地下金属矿智能开采技术
Intelligent Mining Technology for an Underground Metal Mine Based on Unmanned Equipment
以矿产资源安全、高效和绿色开发为背景,介绍我国地下金属矿智能开采技术的现状及发展趋势。对地下金属矿智能开采技术的国内外研究现状进行了分析和总结,介绍了具有自主知识产权的地下无人采矿装备的最新技术进展,包括地下凿岩台车、地下潜孔钻机、地下铲运机、地下矿用汽车和地下装药车等五大装备的智能化及无人控制技术,对实现智能开采的三大基础平台,包括定位和导航平台、信息采集与通讯平台、生产过程调度与控制平台进行了分别介绍。最后利用上述无人装备和平台在凡口铅锌矿地下矿山进行了智能开采的工业试验,重点介绍了地下智能铲运机在通信系统、定位系统和信息采集系统的支持下,如何实现无人驾驶。试验证明智能开采技术切实可行,对促进我国采矿技术向智能化方向发展、增强我国矿业行业的核心竞争能力有巨大的推动作用。
This article analyzes the current research status and development trend of intelligent technologies for underground metal mines in China, where such technologies are under development for use to develop mineral resources in a safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly manner. We analyze and summarize the research status of underground metal mining technology at home and abroad, including some specific examples of equipment, technology, and applications. We introduce the latest equipment and technologies with independent intellectual property rights for unmanned mining, including intelligent and unmanned control technologies for rock-drilling jumbos, down-the-hole (DTH) drills, underground scrapers, underground mining trucks, and underground charging vehicles. Three basic platforms are used for intelligent and unmanned mining: the positioning and navigation platform, information-acquisition and communication platform, and scheduling and control platform. Unmanned equipment was tested in the Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine in China, and industrial tests on the basic platforms of intelligent and unmanned mining were carried out in the mine. The experiment focused on the intelligent scraper, which can achieve autonomous intelligent driving by relying on a wireless communication system, location and navigation system, and data-acquisition system. These industrial experiments indicate that the technology is feasible. The results show that unmanned mining can promote mining technology in China to an intelligent level and can enhance the core competitive ability of China's mining industry.
We are grateful for financial support from the Beijing Science and Technology Project (Z171100000917009).()
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