PDF(1364 KB)
PDF(1364 KB)
PDF(1364 KB)
有机固液废弃物生物炼制的突破性技术
Breakthrough Technologies for the Biorefining of Organic Solid and Liquid Wastes
Organic solid and liquid wastes contain large amounts of energy, nutrients, and water, and should not be perceived as merely waste. Recycling, composting, and combustion of non-recyclables have been practiced for decades to capture the energy and values from municipal solid wastes. Treatment and disposal have been the primary management strategy for wastewater. As new technologies are emerging, alternative options for the utilization of both solid wastes and wastewater have become available. Considering the complexity of the chemical, physical, and biological properties of these wastes, multiple technologies may be required to maximize the energy and value recovery from the wastes. For this purpose, biorefining tends to be an appropriate approach to completely utilize the energy and value available in wastes. Research has demonstrated that non-recyclable waste materials and bio-solids can be converted into usable heat, electricity, fuel, and chemicals through a variety of processes, and the liquid waste streams have the potential to support crop and algae growth and provide other energy recovery and food production options. In this paper, we propose new biorefining schemes aimed at organic solid and liquid wastes from municipal sources, food and biological processing plants, and animal production facilities. Four new breakthrough technologies—namely, vacuum-assisted thermophilic anaerobic digestion, extended aquaponics, oily wastes to biodiesel via glycerolysis, and microwave-assisted thermochemical conversion—can be incorporated into the biorefining schemes, thereby enabling the complete utilization of those wastes for the production of chemicals, fertilizer, energy (biogas, syngas, biodiesel, and bio-oil), foods, and feeds, and resulting in clean water and a significant reduction in pollutant emissions.
Municipal solid waste / Municipal wastewater / Pyrolysis / Gasification / Anaerobic digestion / Microalgae / Biodiesel / Biorefining
| [1] |
Hong J., Chen Y., Wang M., Ye L., Qi C., Yuan H.,
|
| [2] |
Han Z., Ma H., Shi G., He L., Wei L., Shi Q.. A review of groundwater contamination near municipal solid waste landfill sites in China. Sci Total Environ. 2016; 569–570: 1255-1264.
|
| [3] |
Li Y., Yang Y., Yu G., Huang J., Wang B., Deng S.,
|
| [4] |
Zhang Q.H., Yang W.N., Ngo H.H., Guo W.S., Jin P.K., Dzakpasu M.,
|
| [5] |
United States Environmental Protection Agency. Clean watersheds needs survey 2008: report to congress. ReportReport No.: EPA-832-R-10-002
|
| [6] |
Chai C., Zhang D., Yu Y., Feng Y.. Carbon footprint of municipal wastewater treatment plants. In: Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Frontier of Energy and Environment Engineering; Taichung, China; 2014 Dec 6–7. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2015. p. 279-282.
|
| [7] |
Pabi S., Amarnath A., Goldstein R., Reekie L.. Electricity use and management in the municipal water supply and wastewater industries. Final report
|
| [8] |
Shen Y., Linville J.L., Urgun-Demirtas M., Mintz M.M., Snyder S.W.. An overview of biogas production and utilization at full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the United States: challenges and opportunities towards energy-neutral WWTPs. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2015; 50: 346-362.
|
| [9] |
Heidrich E.S., Curtis T.P., Dolfing J.. Determination of the internal chemical energy of wastewater. Environ Sci Technol. 2011; 45(2): 827-832.
|
| [10] |
Cherubini F.. The biorefinery concept: using biomass instead of oil for producing energy and chemicals. Energy Convers Manage. 2010; 51(7): 1412-1421.
|
| [11] |
Gavrilescu M.. Biomass potential for sustainable environment, biorefinery products and energy. In:
|
| [12] |
Directorate-General for Research and Innovation of European Commission. The state and prospects of European energy research: comparison of commission, member and non-member states’ R&D portfolios.
|
| [13] |
Weiland P.. Biogas production: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010; 85(4): 849-860.
|
| [14] |
Xu J., Zhou W., Li Z., Wang J., Ma J.. Biogas reforming for hydrogen production over a Ni–Co bimetallic catalyst: effect of operating conditions. Int J Hydrog Energy.. 2010; 35(23): 13013-13020.
|
| [15] |
Yenigün O., Demirel B.. Ammonia inhibition in anaerobic digestion: a review. Process Biochem. 2013; 48(5–6): 901-911.
|
| [16] |
McCartney D., Oleszkiewicz J.. Sulfide inhibition of anaerobic degradation of lactate and acetate. Water Res. 1991; 25(2): 203-209.
|
| [17] |
Sun Z.Y., Yamaji S., Cheng Q.S., Yang L., Tang Y.Q., Kida K.. Simultaneous decrease in ammonia and hydrogen sulfide inhibition during the thermophilic anaerobic digestion of protein-rich stillage by biogas recirculation and air supply at 60 °C. Process Biochem. 2014; 49(12): 2214-2219.
|
| [18] |
Randall D., Tsui T.. Ammonia toxicity in fish. Mar Pollut Bull. 2002; 45(1–12): 17-23.
|
| [19] |
Zhang R., Anderson E., Addy M., Deng X., Kabir F., Lu Q.,
|
| [20] |
Moset V., Poulsen M., Wahid R., Højberg O., Møller H.B.. Mesophilic versus thermophilic anaerobic digestion of cattle manure: methane productivity and microbial ecology. Microb Biotechnol. 2015; 8(5): 787-800.
|
| [21] |
Goddek S., Delaide B., Mankasingh U., Ragnarsdottir K.V., Jijakli H., Thorarinsdottir R.. Challenges of sustainable and commercial aquaponics. Sustainability. 2015; 7(4): 4199-4224.
|
| [22] |
Barbosa G.L., Gadelha F.D.A., Kublik N., Proctor A., Reichelm L., Weissinger E.,
|
| [23] |
Diver S.. Aquaponics—integration of hydroponics with aquaculture.
|
| [24] |
Tyson R.V., Treadwell D.D., Simonne E.H.. Opportunities and challenges to sustainability in aquaponic systems. HortTechnology. 2011; 21(1): 6-13.
|
| [25] |
Canakci M., Van Gerpen J.. Biodiesel production from oils and fats with high free fatty acids. Trans ASAE. 2001; 44(6): 1429-1436.
|
| [26] |
Bi Ch., Min M., Nie Y., Xie Q., Lu Q., Deng X.,
|
| [27] |
Anderson E., Addy M., Xie Q., Ma H., Liu Y., Cheng Y.,
|
| [28] |
Mu D., Addy M., Anderson E., Chen P., Ruan R.. A life cycle assessment and economic analysis of the scum-to-biodiesel technology in wastewater treatment plants. Bioresour Technol. 2016; 204: 89-97.
|
| [29] |
Chen P., Xie Q., Du Z., Borges F.C., Peng P., Cheng Y.,
|
| [30] |
Spath P.L., Dayton D.C.. Preliminary screening—technical and economic assessment of synthesis gas to fuels and chemicals with emphasis on the potential for biomass-derived syngas. ReportReport No.: NREL/TP-510-34929. Contract No.: DE-AC36-99-GO10337
|
| [31] |
Anis S., Zainal Z.. Tar reduction in biomass producer gas via mechanical, catalytic and thermal methods: a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2011; 15(5): 2355-2377.
|
| [32] |
Devi L., Ptasinski K.J., Janssen F.J.. A review of the primary measures for tar elimination in biomass gasification processes. Biomass Bioenergy. 2003; 24(2): 125-140.
|
| [33] |
Borges F.C., Du Z., Xie Q., Trierweiler J.O., Cheng Y., Wan Y.,
|
The authors would like to express their appreciation to Department of Transport/Sun Grant, US Department of Agriculture/Department of Energy, Minnesota Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources, Metropolitan Council Environmental Services, University of Minnesota MNDrive programs, University of Minnesota Center for Biorefining, and China Scholarship Council (CSC) for their financial support for this work.
Paul Chen, Erik Anderson, Min Addy, Renchuan Zhang, Yanling Cheng, Peng Peng, Yiwei Ma, Liangliang Fan, Yaning Zhang, Qian Lu, Shiyu Liu, Nan Zhou, Xiangyuan Deng, Wenguang Zhou, Muhammad Omar, Richard Griffith, Faryal Kabir, Hanwu Lei, Yunpu Wang, Yuhuan Liu, and Roger Ruan declare that they have no conflict of interest or financial conflicts to disclose.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
