PDF(1948 KB)
PDF(1948 KB)
PDF(1948 KB)
对良好中药标准的深层化学认知
Deeper Chemical Perceptions for Better Traditional Chinese Medicine Standards
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), a complex system of natural resources with many diverse components, are widely used as approved medicinal agents in China. Quality control of TCMs is a huge challenge for the government and for testing institutes and is associated with numerous scientific issues. Among these considerations include the following questions: How many components are in TCMs? How can the multiple components in TCMs be comprehensively delineated and subsequently characterized? What is the level and range of these (active) metabolites within these multiple-component TCMs, in order to recommend standards? and What are the qualities required for a marker constituent to be selected, and from a practical perspective, how can these components be assessed with low cost and in a short time? All of these factors require significant and deep thinking in order to understand the individualistic chemistry of TCM in order to develop enhanced TCM quality standards for improved and consistent patient care. In this review, the latest exploratory research in TCM chemistry analytical techniques and methods is summarized in order to begin to develop responses to these scientific issues. Advances in these methods have included multidimensional separation for liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS), smart triggering data-dependent acquisition of LC–HRMS, target analysis with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS), supercritical fluid chromatography, and data mining of large mass spectrometry (MS) datasets. In addition, two quality strategies have been introduced in order to save reference standards and the analysis time for a TCM quality standard, including the application of the single standard to determine multi-components (SSDMC) and monomethod-heterotrait matrix methods. Finally, a series of future improvements for analytical methods for TCMs are proposed.
Traditional Chinese medicine / Liquid chromatography / Mass spectrometry / Data-dependent acquisition / Chemometrics / Untargeted / Data mining / Quality control
| [1] |
Guo D.A.. Quality marker concept inspires the quality research of traditional Chinese medicines. Chin Herb Med. 2017; 9(1): 1-2.
|
| [2] |
Hou J., Feng R., Zhang Y., Pan H., Yao S., Han S.,
|
| [3] |
Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission, editor. Pharmacopoeia of People’s Republic of China, vol. I. 10th ed. Beijing: China Medical Science Press; 2015.
|
| [4] |
Guo D.A., Wu W.Y., Ye M., Liu X., Cordell G.A.. A holistic approach to the quality control of traditional Chinese medicines. Science. 2015; 347(6219): S29-S31.
|
| [5] |
King T.J., Read G.. Tanshinones. Part I. The synthesis of an isomer of tanshinone-I. J Chem Soc. 1961; Dec:5090
|
| [6] |
Ai C.B., Li L.N.. Stereostructure of salvianolic acid B and isolation of salvianolic acid C from Salvia miltiorrhiza. J Nat Prod. 1988; 51(1): 145-149.
|
| [7] |
Hou J.J., Wu W.Y., Da J., Yao S., Long H.L., Yang Z.,
|
| [8] |
United States Pharmacopeial Convention.
|
| [9] |
Liu C., Guo D.A., Liu L.. Quality transitivity and traceability system of herbal medicine products based on quality markers. Phytomedicine. 2018; 44: 247-257.
|
| [10] |
Yang M., Sun J., Lu Z., Chen G., Guan S., Liu X.,
|
| [11] |
Olivon F., Apel C., Retailleau P., Allard P.M., Wolfender J.L., Touboul D.,
|
| [12] |
Yao C.L., Yang W.Z., Wu W.Y., Da J., Hou J.J., Zhang J.X.,
|
| [13] |
Zhang A.H., Sun H., Yan G.L., Wang X.. Recent developments and emerging trends of mass spectrometry for herbal ingredients analysis. Trends Analyt Chem. 2017; 94: 70-76.
|
| [14] |
He X.R., Li C.G., Zhu X.S., Li Y.Q., Jarouche M., Bensoussan A.,
|
| [15] |
Yao C.L., Pan H.Q., Wang H., Yao S., Yang W.Z., Hou J.J.,
|
| [16] |
Wu H., Guo J., Chen S., Liu X., Zhou Y., Zhang X.,
|
| [17] |
Song Q., Zhang A., Yan G., Liu L., Wang X.. Technological advances in current metabolomics and its application in tradition Chinese medicine. RSC Adv. 2017; 7(84): 53516-53524.
|
| [18] |
Shi Y.H., Zhu S., Ge Y.W., Toume K., Wang Z., Batkhuu J.,
|
| [19] |
Ji S., He D.D., Wang T.Y., Han J., Li Z., Du Y.,
|
| [20] |
Malerod H., Lundanes E., Greibrokk T.. Recent advances in on-line multidimensional liquid chromatography. Anal Methods. 2010; 2(2): 110-122.
|
| [21] |
Cao J.L., Wei J.C., Chen M.W., Su H.X., Wan J.B., Wang Y.T.,
|
| [22] |
Yao C.L., Yang W.Z., Si W., Shen Y., Zhang N.X., Chen H.L.,
|
| [23] |
Zhang Y., Jin H., Li X., Zhao J., Guo X., Wang J.,
|
| [24] |
Li X., Liu Y., Shen A., Wang C., Yan J., Zhao W.,
|
| [25] |
Li X., Guo Z., Wang C., Shen A., Liu Y., Zhang X.,
|
| [26] |
Jin H., Liu Y., Guo Z., Wang J., Zhang X., Wang C.,
|
| [27] |
Qiu S., Yang W.Z., Shi X.J., Yao C.L., Yang M., Liu X.,
|
| [28] |
Yang W., Zhang J., Yao C., Qiu S., Chen M., Pan H.,
|
| [29] |
Yang W., Si W., Zhang J., Yang M., Pan H., Wu J.,
|
| [30] |
Sun W., Tong L., Miao J., Huang J., Li D., Li Y.,
|
| [31] |
Yang W.Z., Hu Y., Wu W.Y., Ye M., Guo D.A.. Saponins in the genus Panax L. (Araliaceae): a systematic review of their chemical diversity. Phytochemistry. 2014; 106: 7-24.
|
| [32] |
Pan H., Yao C., Yang W., Yao S., Huang Y., Zhang Y.,
|
| [33] |
Muhammad S., Han S., Xie X., Wang S., Aziz M.M.. Overview of online two-dimensional liquid chromatography based on cell membrane chromatography for screening target components from traditional Chinese medicines. J Sep Sci. 2017; 40(1): 299-313.
|
| [34] |
Yue Y., Dou L., Wang X., Xue H., Song Y., Li X.. Screening β1AR inhibitors by cell membrane chromatography and offline UPLC/MS method for protecting myocardial ischemia. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2015; 115: 339-344.
|
| [35] |
Cao J.L., Wang S.S., Hu H., He C.W., Wan J.B., Su H.X.,
|
| [36] |
Zhou W., Guo Z., Yu L., Zhou H., Shen A., Jin Y.,
|
| [37] |
Li D., Dück R., Schmitz O.J.. The advantage of mixed-mode separation in the first dimension of comprehensive two-dimensional liquid-chromatography. J Chromatogr A. 2014; 1358: 128-135.
|
| [38] |
Jia D., Chen X., Cao Y., Wu X., Ding X., Zhang H.,
|
| [39] |
Chen X., Cao Y., Zhang H., Zhu Z., Liu M., Liu H.,
|
| [40] |
Montero L., Ibáñez E., Russo M., di Sanzo R., Rastrelli L., Piccinelli A.L.,
|
| [41] |
Qiao X., Song W., Ji S., Wang Q., Guo D.A., Ye M.. Separation and characterization of phenolic compounds and triterpenoid saponins in licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) using mobile phase-dependent reversed-phase × reversed-phase comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2015; 1402: 36-45.
|
| [42] |
Wang S., Wang Q., Qiao X., Song W., Zhong L., Guo D.A.,
|
| [43] |
Qiao X., Wang Q., Song W., Qian Y., Xiao Y., An R.,
|
| [44] |
Sheng N., Zheng H., Xiao Y., Wang Z., Li M., Zhang J.. Chiral separation and chemical profile of Dengzhan Shengmai by integrating comprehensive with multiple heart-cutting two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2017; 1517: 97-107.
|
| [45] |
Qiao X., Song W., Ji S., Li Y.J., Wang Y., Li R.,
|
| [46] |
May J.C., McLean J.A.. Ion mobility–mass spectrometry: time-dispersive instrumentation. Anal Chem. 2015; 87(3): 1422-1436.
|
| [47] |
Mairinger T., Causon T.J., Hann S.. The potential of ion mobility–mass spectrometry for non-targeted metabolomics. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2018; 42: 9-15.
|
| [48] |
Zhou Z., Tu J., Zhu Z.J.. Advancing the large-scale CCS database for metabolomics and lipidomics at the machine-learning era. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2018; 42: 34-41.
|
| [49] |
Zhou Z., Tu J., Xiong X., Shen X., Zhu Z.J.. LipidCCS: prediction of collision cross-section values for lipids with high precision to support ion mobility–mass spectrometry-based lipidomics. Anal Chem. 2017; 89(17): 9559-9566.
|
| [50] |
Wang L., Liu S., Zhang X., Xing J., Liu Z., Song F.. A strategy for identification and structural characterization of compounds from Gardenia jasminoides by integrating macroporous resin column chromatography and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry combined with ion-mobility spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2016; 1452: 47-57.
|
| [51] |
Rosting C., Yu J., Cooper H.J.. High field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry in nontargeted bottom-up proteomics of dried blood spots. J Proteome Res. 2018; 17(6): 1997-2004.
|
| [52] |
Tose L.V., Santos N.A., Rodrigues R.R.T., Murgu M., Gomes A.F., Vasconcelos G.A.,
|
| [53] |
Pacini T., Fu W., Gudmundsson S., Chiaravalle A.E., Brynjolfson S., Palsson B.O.,
|
| [54] |
Willems J.L., Khamis M.M., Mohammed Saeid W., Purves R.W., Katselis G., Low N.H.,
|
| [55] |
Zhang H., Zheng D., Li H.H., Wang H., Tan H.S., Xu H.X.. Diagnostic filtering to screen polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols from Garcinia oblongifolia by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled with ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta. 2016; 912: 85-96.
|
| [56] |
Stephan S., Jakob C., Hippler J., Schmitz O.J.. A novel four-dimensional analytical approach for analysis of complex samples. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2016; 408(14): 3751-3759.
|
| [57] |
Stephan S., Hippler J., Köhler T., Brecht D., Schmitz O.J.. A powerful four-dimensional separation method for complex samples. J Anal Test. 2017; 1: 1.
|
| [58] |
Ma S., Chowdhury S.K.. Data acquisition and data mining techniques for metabolite identification using LC coupled to high-resolution MS. Bioanalysis. 2013; 5(10): 1285-1297.
|
| [59] |
Dhurjad P.S., Marothu V.K., Rathod R.. Post-acquisition data mining techniques for LC–MS/MS-acquired data in drug metabolite identification. Bioanalysis. 2017; 9(16): 1265-1278.
|
| [60] |
Cai T., Guo Z.Q., Xu X.Y., Wu Z.J.. Recent (2000–2015) developments in the analysis of minor unknown natural products based on characteristic fragment information using LC–MS. Mass Spectrom Rev. 2018; 37(2): 202-216.
|
| [61] |
de Villiers A., Venter P., Pasch H.. Recent advances and trends in the liquid-chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of flavonoids. J Chromatogr A. 2016; 1430: 16-78.
|
| [62] |
Shi X.J., Yang W.Z., Qiu S., Yao C.L., Shen Y., Pan H.Q.,
|
| [63] |
Bi Q.R., Hou J.J., Yang M., Shen Y., Qi P., Feng R.H.,
|
| [64] |
Shi X., Yang W., Huang Y., Hou J., Qiu S., Yao C.,
|
| [65] |
Xie T., Liang Y., Hao H., AJ, Xie L., Gong P.,
|
| [66] |
Yan G., Sun H., Sun W., Zhao L., Meng X., Wang X.. Rapid and global detection and characterization of aconitum alkaloids in Yin Chen Si Ni Tang, a traditional Chinese medical formula, by ultra performance liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry and automated data analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2010; 53(3): 421-431.
|
| [67] |
Pan H., Yang W., Zhang Y., Yang M., Feng R., Wu W.,
|
| [68] |
Lai C.J.S., Tan T., Zeng S.L., Qi L.W., Liu X.G., Dong X.,
|
| [69] |
Pan H., Yang W., Yao C., Shen Y., Zhang Y., Shi X.,
|
| [70] |
Yang M., Zhou Z., Guo D.A.. A strategy for fast screening and identification of sulfur derivatives in medicinal Pueraria species based on the fine isotopic pattern filtering method using ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta. 2015; 894: 44-53.
|
| [71] |
Yang M., Zhou Z., Yao S., Li S., Yang W., Jiang B.,
|
| [72] |
Zhang J.Y., Wang Z.J., Zhang Q., Wang F., Ma Q., Lin Z.Z.,
|
| [73] |
Wang F., Zhang Q., Lu Z., Wang Q., Wang M., Liu Y.,
|
| [74] |
Shen Y., Feng Z., Yang M., Zhou Z., Han S., Hou J.,
|
| [75] |
Liu W., Song Q., Yan Y., Liu Y., Li P., Wang Y.,
|
| [76] |
Song Y., Zhang N., Shi S., Li J., Zhao Y., Zhang Q.,
|
| [77] |
Song W., Qiao X., Chen K., Wang Y., Ji S., Feng J.,
|
| [78] |
Song Y.L., Jing W.H., Du G., Yang F.Q., Yan R., Wang Y.T.. Qualitative analysis and enantiospecific determination of angular-type pyranocoumarins in Peucedani Radix using achiral and chiral liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2014; 1338: 24-37.
|
| [79] |
Huo H., Liu Y., Liu W., Sun J., Zhang Q., Zhao Y.,
|
| [80] |
Liang J., Wu W.Y., Sun G.X., Wang D.D., Hou J.J., Yang W.Z.,
|
| [81] |
Ye H., Zhu L., Wang L., Liu H., Zhang J., Wu M.,
|
| [82] |
Li Z., Xiao S., Ai N., Luo K., Fan X., Cheng Y.. Derivative multiple reaction monitoring and single herb calibration approach for multiple components quantification of traditional Chinese medicine analogous formulae. J Chromatogr A. 2015; 1376: 126-142.
|
| [83] |
Li F., Cheng T.F., Dong X., Li P., Yang H.. Global analysis of chemical constituents in Shengmai injection using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2016; 117: 61-72.
|
| [84] |
Si W., Yang W., Guo D.A., Wu J., Zhang J., Qiu S.,
|
| [85] |
Yang W., Zhang Y., Wu W., Huang L., Guo D.A., Liu C.. Approaches to establish Q-markers for the quality standards of traditional Chinese medicines. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2017; 7(4): 439-446.
|
| [86] |
Yao C., Yang W., Si W., Pan H., Qiu S., Wu J.,
|
| [87] |
Huang Y., Tang G., Zhang T., Fillet M., Crommen J., Jiang Z.. Supercritical fluid chromatography in traditional Chinese medicine analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2018; 147: 65-80.
|
| [88] |
Lísa M., Holčapek M.. High-throughput and comprehensive lipidomic analysis using ultrahigh-performance supercritical fluid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Anal Chem. 2015; 87(14): 7187-7195.
|
| [89] |
Shi X., Yang W., Qiu S., Hou J., Wu W., Guo D.A.. Systematic profiling and comparison of the lipidomes from Panax ginseng, P. quinquefolius, and P. notoginseng by ultrahigh performance supercritical fluid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry and ion mobility-derived collision cross section measurement. J Chromatogr A. 2018; 1548: 64-75.
|
| [90] |
Hou J.J., Cao C.M., Xu Y.W., Yao S., Cai L.Y., Long H.L.,
|
| [91] |
Yang J., Zhu L., Zhao Y., Xu Y., Sun Q., Liu S.,
|
| [92] |
Zhu L.L., Zhao Y., Xu Y.W., Sun Q.L., Sun X.G., Kang L.P.,
|
| [93] |
Jiang H., Yang L., Xing X., Yan M., Guo X., Yang B.,
|
| [94] |
Huang Y., Feng Y., Tang G., Li M., Zhang T., Fillet M.,
|
| [95] |
Qiao X., An R., Huang Y., Ji S., Li L., Tzeng Y.M.,
|
| [96] |
Huang Y., Zhang T., Zhou H., Feng Y., Fan C., Chen W.,
|
| [97] |
Grand-Guillaume Perrenoud A., Guillarme D., Boccard J., Veuthey J.L., Barron D., Moco S.. Ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry as a performing tool for bioactive analysis. J Chromatogr A. 2016; 1450: 101-111.
|
| [98] |
Yang W., Zhang Y., Pan H., Yao C., Hou J., Yao S.,
|
| [99] |
Yang B., Xin H., Wang F., Cai J., Liu Y., Fu Q.,
|
| [100] |
Sherrod S.D., McLean J.A.. Systems-wide high-dimensional data acquisition and informatics using structural mass spectrometry strategies. Clin Chem. 2016; 62(1): 77-83.
|
| [101] |
Qiu F., Fine D.D., Wherritt D.J., Lei Z., Sumner L.W.. PlantMAT: a metabolomics tool for predicting the specialized metabolic potential of a system and for large-scale metabolite identifications. Anal Chem. 2016; 88(23): 11373-11383.
|
| [102] |
Ren D., Ran L., Yang C., Xu M., Yi L.. Integrated strategy for identifying minor components in complex samples combining mass defect, diagnostic ions and neutral loss information based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry platform: Folium Artemisiae Argyi as a case study. J Chromatogr A. 2018; 1550: 35-44.
|
| [103] |
Qiao X., Li R., Song W., Miao W.J., Liu J., Chen H.B.,
|
| [104] |
Guo L.X., Li R., Liu K., Yang J., Li H.J., Li S.L.,
|
| [105] |
Liao M., Li A., Chen C., Ouyang H., Zhang Y., Xu Y.,
|
| [106] |
He M., Jia J., Li J., Wu B., Huang W., Liu M.,
|
| [107] |
Zheng W., Wang F., Zhao Y., Sun X., Kang L., Fan Z.,
|
| [108] |
Wang M., Carver J.J., Phelan V.V., Sanchez L.M., Garg N., Peng Y.,
|
| [109] |
Cheng T., Jin H., Liu C., Zhang W.. LC-MS/MS-based molecular networking producing enlighten study of Chinese materia medica. Chin Tradit Herb Drugs. 2018; 49(2): 265-273. Chinese
|
| [110] |
Wang C., Zhang J., Wu C., Wang Z.. A multiple-dimension liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry data strategy for the rapid discovery and identification of unknown compounds from a Chinese herbal formula (Er-xian decoction). J Chromatogr A. 2017; 1518: 59-69.
|
| [111] |
Hou J.J., Guo J.L., Cao C.M., Yao S., Long H.L., Cai L.Y.,
|
| [112] |
Zhang Y.B., Da J., Zhang J.X., Li S.R., Chen X., Long H.L.,
|
| [113] |
Wang F., Wang B., Wang L., Xiong Z.Y., Gao W., Li P.,
|
| [114] |
Shen Y., Hou J., Deng W., Feng Z., Yang M., Cheng J.,
|
| [115] |
Wong H.Y., Hu B., So P.K., Chan C.O., Mok D.K.W., Xin G.Z.,
|
| [116] |
Wang Q., Song W., Qiao X., Ji S., Kuang Y., Zhang Z.X.,
|
| [117] |
Xu J., Xu Q.S., Chan C.O., Mok D.K.W., Yi L.Z., Chau F.T.. Identifying bioactive components in natural products through chromatographic fingerprint. Anal Chim Acta. 2015; 870: 45-55.
|
| [118] |
Yao S., Zhang J., Wang D., Hou J., Yang W., Da J.,
|
| [119] |
Zhang J., Yang W., Li S., Yao S., Qi P., Yang Z.,
|
| [120] |
Wang L., Liu L.F., Wang J.Y., Shi Z.Q., Chang W.Q., Chen M.L.,
|
| [121] |
Zhang J., Li S., Yao S., Si W., Cai L., Pan H.,
|
| [122] |
Yang W., Qiao X., Li K., Fan J., Bo T., Guo D.A.,
|
| [123] |
Qiu S., Yang W.Z., Yao C.L., Qiu Z.D., Shi X.J., Zhang J.X.,
|
| [124] |
Ma X.D., Fan Y.X., Jin C.C., Wang F., Xin G.Z., Li P.,
|
| [125] |
Zhou L., Xu J.D., Zhou S.S., Shen H., Mao Q., Kong M.,
|
| [126] |
Hou J.J., Wu W.Y., Liang J., Yang Z., Long H.L., Cai L.Y.,
|
| [127] |
Yao C., Yang W., Zhang J., Qiu S., Chen M., Shi X.,
|
| [128] |
Wang D.D., Liang J., Yang W.Z., Hou J.J., Yang M., Da J.,
|
| [129] |
Li K., Li J., Su J., Xiao X., Peng X., Liu F.,
|
| [130] |
Qiao X., Lin X.H., Ji S., Zhang Z.X., Bo T., Guo D.A.,
|
| [131] |
Yang T.W., Zhao C., Fan Y., Qi L.W., Li P.. Design of ultraviolet wavelength and standard solution concentrations in relative response factors for simultaneous determination of multi-components with single reference standard in herbal medicines. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2015; 114: 280-287.
|
| [132] |
Wu C., Guan Q., Wang S., Rong Y.. Simultaneous determination of multiple ginsenosides in Panax ginseng herbal medicines with one single reference standard. Pharmacogn Mag. 2017; 13(49 Suppl S1): 84-89.
|
| [133] |
Liu W., Zhang J., Han W., Liu Y., Feng J., Tang C.,
|
| [134] |
Guo L., Duan L., Dou L.L., Liu L.L., Yang H., Liu E.H.,
|
| [135] |
Gao W., Wang R., Li D., Liu K., Chen J., Li H.J.,
|
| [136] |
Wang W., Ma X., Guo X., Zhao M., Tu P., Jiang Y.. A series of strategies for solving the shortage of reference standards for multi-components determination of traditional Chinese medicine, Mahoniae Caulis as a case. J Chromatogr A. 2015; 1412: 100-111.
|
| [137] |
Ning Z., Liu Z., Song Z., Zhao S., Dong Y., Zeng H.,
|
The authors would like to acknowledge funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81473344, 81403097, and 81530095), Special Scientific Research in the Chinese Medicine Industry of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (201307002), the National Science and Technology Major Project for Major Drug Development (2014ZX09304-307-001-007), the Study on International Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine (GZYYGJ2017024), and the National Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Project (ZYBZH-K-LN-01).
Jin-Jun Hou, Jian-Qing Zhang, Chang-Liang Yao, Rudolf Bauer, Ikhlas A. Khan, Wan-Ying Wu, and De-an Guo declare that they have no conflict of interest or financial conflicts to disclose.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
