一种高效的二冲程发动机概念——结合空气混合动力系统的增压 直流扫气式直喷汽油(BUSDIG)发动机
王新颜 , 赵华
工程(英文) ›› 2019, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (3) : 535 -547.
一种高效的二冲程发动机概念——结合空气混合动力系统的增压 直流扫气式直喷汽油(BUSDIG)发动机
A High-Efficiency Two-Stroke Engine Concept: The Boosted Uniflow Scavenged Direct-Injection Gasoline (BUSDIG) Engine with Air Hybrid Operation
本研究提出并设计了一种新颖的二冲程增压直流扫气式直喷汽油(BUSDIG)发动机,以实现发动机小型化和低速化,进而提升发动机的性能和效率。本文综述了BUSDIG 发动机的设计和开发过程,并总结了主要的研究成果。为了最大限度地提高发动机的扫气性能,并实现合理的缸内流动以促进燃油/ 空气的混合过程,本研究采用三维(3D)计算流体动力学(CFD)模拟手段系统分析了发动机缸径/ 冲程比(B/S)、扫气道角度和进气道的设计。此外,本研究还系统分析了扫气口和排气门开启型线对扫气过程的影响。为实现最佳的缸内燃油分层,采用经过实验标定的Reize-Diwakar模型开展了缸内喷雾的CFD 模拟,系统分析了不同喷油策略对缸内混合气形成过程的影响。基于优化后的BUSDIG 发动机设计方案,在Ricardo WAVE 软件中构建了对应的一维(1D)发动机计算模型。计算结果表明,采用稀薄燃烧和喷水策略,二冲程BUSDIG发动机的最高有效热效率可达47.2%。在化学计量燃空当量比条件下,BUSDIG 发动机在1600 r∙min–1 的转速下可实现379 N∙m 的扭矩,在4000 r∙min–1 的转速下可达到112 kW∙L–1 的功率密度。
A novel two-stroke boosted uniflow scavenged direct-injection gasoline (BUSDIG) engine has been proposed and designed in order to achieve aggressive engine downsizing and down-speeding for higher engine performance and efficiency. In this paper, the design and development of the BUSDIG engine are outlined discussed and the key findings are summarized to highlight the progress of the development of the proposed two-stroke BUSDIG engine. In order to maximize the scavenging performance and produce sufficient incylinder flow motions for the fuel/air mixing process in the two-stroke BUSDIG engine, the engine bore/stroke ratio, intake scavenge port angles, and intake plenum design were optimized by three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The effects of the opening profiles of the scavenge ports and exhaust valves on controlling the scavenging process were also investigated. In order to achieve optimal incylinder fuel stratification, the mixture-formation processes by different injection strategies were studied by using CFD simulations with a calibrated Reize-Diwakar breakup model. Based on the optimal design of the BUSDIG engine, one-dimensional (1D) engine simulations were performed in Ricardo WAVE. The results showed that a maximum brake thermal efficiency of 47.2% can be achieved for the two-stroke BUSDIG engine
with lean combustion and water injection. A peak brake toque of 379 N∙m and a peak brake power density of 112 kW∙L−1 were achieved at 1600 and 4000 r∙min−1, respectively, in the BUSDIG engine with the stoichiometric condition.
二冲程发动机 / 直流扫气 / 发动机设计 / 发动机模拟 / 扫气性能 / 热效率
Two-stroke engine / Uniflow scavenging / Engine design / Engine simulation / Scavenging performance / Thermal efficiency
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